perf(ext/node): improve `Buffer` from string performance (#24567)

Fixes https://github.com/denoland/deno/issues/24323

- Use a Buffer pool for `fromString`
- Implement fast call base64 writes
- Direct from string `create` method for each encoding op

```
$ deno bench -A bench.mjs # 1.45.1+fee4d3a
cpu: Apple M1 Pro
runtime: deno 1.45.1+fee4d3a (aarch64-apple-darwin)

benchmark                time (avg)             (min … max)       p75       p99      p999
----------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------
Buffer.from base64      550 ns/iter     (490 ns … 1'265 ns)    572 ns    606 ns  1'265 ns
Buffer#write base64     285 ns/iter       (259 ns … 371 ns)    307 ns    347 ns    360 ns

$ ~/gh/deno/target/release/deno bench -A bench.mjs # this PR
cpu: Apple M1 Pro
runtime: deno dev (aarch64-apple-darwin)

benchmark                time (avg)             (min … max)       p75       p99      p999
----------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------
Buffer.from base64      151 ns/iter       (145 ns … 770 ns)    148 ns    184 ns    648 ns
Buffer#write base64   62.58 ns/iter     (60.79 ns … 157 ns)  61.65 ns  75.79 ns    141 ns

$ node bench.mjs # v22.4.0
cpu: Apple M1 Pro
runtime: node v22.4.0 (arm64-darwin)

benchmark                time (avg)             (min … max)       p75       p99      p999
----------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------
Buffer.from base64      163 ns/iter     (96.92 ns … 375 ns)  99.45 ns    127 ns    220 ns
Buffer#write base64   75.48 ns/iter     (74.97 ns … 134 ns)  75.17 ns  81.83 ns  96.84 ns
```

1 files changed, 13 insertions, 2 deletions

diff --git a/ext/node/polyfills/_brotli.js b/ext/node/polyfills/_brotli.js
index 1524bf85c..ce5db3230 100644
--- a/ext/node/polyfills/_brotli.js
+++ b/ext/node/polyfills/_brotli.js
@@ -9,7 +9,10 @@ const {
   TypedArrayPrototypeSlice,
   TypedArrayPrototypeSubarray,
   TypedArrayPrototypeGetByteLength,
+  TypedArrayPrototypeGetByteOffset,
   DataViewPrototypeGetBuffer,
+  DataViewPrototypeGetByteLength,
+  DataViewPrototypeGetByteOffset,
   TypedArrayPrototypeGetBuffer,
 } = primordials;
 const { isTypedArray, isDataView, close } = core;
@@ -38,9 +41,17 @@ const toU8 = (input) => {
   }
 
   if (isTypedArray(input)) {
-    return new Uint8Array(TypedArrayPrototypeGetBuffer(input));
+    return new Uint8Array(
+      TypedArrayPrototypeGetBuffer(input),
+      TypedArrayPrototypeGetByteOffset(input),
+      TypedArrayPrototypeGetByteLength(input),
+    );
   } else if (isDataView(input)) {
-    return new Uint8Array(DataViewPrototypeGetBuffer(input));
+    return new Uint8Array(
+      DataViewPrototypeGetBuffer(input),
+      DataViewPrototypeGetByteOffset(input),
+      DataViewPrototypeGetByteLength(input),
+    );
   }
 
   return input;