feat(ext/node): rewrite crypto keys (#24463)

This completely rewrites how we handle key material in ext/node. Changes
in this
PR:

- **Signing**
  - RSA
  - RSA-PSS 🆕
  - DSA 🆕
  - EC
  - ED25519 🆕
- **Verifying**
  - RSA
  - RSA-PSS 🆕
  - DSA 🆕
  - EC 🆕
  - ED25519 🆕
- **Private key import**
  - Passphrase encrypted private keys 🆕
  - RSA
    - PEM
    - DER (PKCS#1) 🆕
    - DER (PKCS#8) 🆕
  - RSA-PSS
    - PEM
    - DER (PKCS#1) 🆕
    - DER (PKCS#8) 🆕
  - DSA 🆕
  - EC
    - PEM
    - DER (SEC1) 🆕
    - DER (PKCS#8) 🆕
  - X25519 🆕
  - ED25519 🆕
  - DH
- **Public key import**
  - RSA
    - PEM
    - DER (PKCS#1) 🆕
    - DER (PKCS#8) 🆕
  - RSA-PSS 🆕
  - DSA 🆕
  - EC 🆕
  - X25519 🆕
  - ED25519 🆕
  - DH 🆕
- **Private key export**
  - RSA 🆕
  - DSA 🆕
  - EC 🆕
  - X25519 🆕
  - ED25519 🆕
  - DH 🆕
- **Public key export**
  - RSA
  - DSA 🆕
  - EC 🆕
  - X25519 🆕
  - ED25519 🆕
  - DH 🆕
- **Key pair generation**
  - Overhauled, but supported APIs unchanged

This PR adds a lot of new individual functionality. But most importantly
because
of the new key material representation, it is now trivial to add new
algorithms
(as shown by this PR).

Now, when adding a new algorithm, it is also widely supported - for
example
previously we supported ED25519 key pair generation, but we could not
import,
export, sign or verify with ED25519. We can now do all of those things.

1 files changed, 12 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/ext/node/ops/crypto/dh.rs b/ext/node/ops/crypto/dh.rs
index f60f84277..ff2bd030e 100644
--- a/ext/node/ops/crypto/dh.rs
+++ b/ext/node/ops/crypto/dh.rs
@@ -5,14 +5,21 @@ use num_bigint_dig::BigUint;
 use num_bigint_dig::RandBigInt;
 use num_traits::FromPrimitive;
 
+#[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct PublicKey(BigUint);
 
 impl PublicKey {
+  pub fn from_bytes(bytes: &[u8]) -> Self {
+    let public_key = BigUint::from_bytes_be(bytes);
+    Self(public_key)
+  }
+
   pub fn into_vec(self) -> Vec<u8> {
     self.0.to_bytes_be()
   }
 }
 
+#[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct PrivateKey(BigUint);
 
 impl PrivateKey {
@@ -22,6 +29,11 @@ impl PrivateKey {
     Self(exponent)
   }
 
+  pub fn from_bytes(bytes: &[u8]) -> Self {
+    let exponent = BigUint::from_bytes_be(bytes);
+    Self(exponent)
+  }
+
   /// Diffie-Hellman modular exponentiation.
   /// s = g^x mod p
   pub fn compute_public_key(