fix(node): Run node compat tests listed in the `ignore` field (and fix the ones that fail) (#24631)

The intent is that those tests will be executed, but our check that the
files are up to date won't overwrite the contents of the tests. This is
useful when a test needs some manual edits to work.

It turns out we weren't actually running them.

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This ended up turning into a couple of small bug fixes to get the tests
passing:

- We weren't canonicalizing the exec path properly (it sometimes still
had `..` or `.` in it)
- We weren't accepting strings in `process.exit`

There was one failure I couldn't figure out quickly, so I disabled the
test for now, and filed a follow up issue: #24694

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