fix(node): implement libuv APIs needed to support `npm:sqlite3` (#25893)

Fixes #24740.

Implements the `uv_mutex_*` and `uv_async_*` APIs.

The mutex API is implemented exactly as libuv, a thin wrapper over the
OS's native mutex.

The async API is implemented in terms of napi_async_work. As documented
in the napi docs, you really shouldn't call `napi_queue_async_work`
multiple times (it is documented as undefined behavior). However, our
implementation doesn't have any issue with this, so I believe it suits
our purpose here.

9 files changed, 270 insertions, 8 deletions

diff --git a/cli/Cargo.toml b/cli/Cargo.toml
index 41636c961..6167baa0b 100644
--- a/cli/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cli/Cargo.toml
@@ -170,12 +170,14 @@ zstd.workspace = true
 [target.'cfg(windows)'.dependencies]
 junction.workspace = true
 winapi = { workspace = true, features = ["knownfolders", "mswsock", "objbase", "shlobj", "tlhelp32", "winbase", "winerror", "winsock2"] }
+windows-sys.workspace = true
 
 [target.'cfg(unix)'.dependencies]
 nix.workspace = true
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 deno_bench_util.workspace = true
+libuv-sys-lite = "=1.48.2"
 pretty_assertions.workspace = true
 test_util.workspace = true
 
diff --git a/cli/build.rs b/cli/build.rs
index c3b6f8b04..aa5d3d18c 100644
--- a/cli/build.rs
+++ b/cli/build.rs
@@ -387,6 +387,8 @@ fn main() {
         "Missing symbols list! Generate using tools/napi/generate_symbols_lists.js",
     );
 
+  println!("cargo:rustc-rerun-if-changed={}", symbols_path.display());
+
   #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
   println!(
     "cargo:rustc-link-arg-bin=deno=/DEF:{}",
diff --git a/cli/napi/generated_symbol_exports_list_linux.def b/cli/napi/generated_symbol_exports_list_linux.def
index 06e94f05b..614880ebf 100644
--- a/cli/napi/generated_symbol_exports_list_linux.def
+++ b/cli/napi/generated_symbol_exports_list_linux.def
@@ -1 +1 @@
-{ "node_api_create_syntax_error"; "napi_make_callback"; "napi_has_named_property"; "napi_async_destroy"; "napi_coerce_to_object"; "napi_get_arraybuffer_info"; "napi_detach_arraybuffer"; "napi_get_undefined"; "napi_reference_unref"; "napi_fatal_error"; "napi_open_callback_scope"; "napi_close_callback_scope"; "napi_get_value_uint32"; "napi_create_function"; "napi_create_arraybuffer"; "napi_get_value_int64"; "napi_get_all_property_names"; "napi_resolve_deferred"; "napi_is_detached_arraybuffer"; "napi_create_string_utf8"; "napi_create_threadsafe_function"; "node_api_throw_syntax_error"; "napi_create_bigint_int64"; "napi_wrap"; "napi_set_property"; "napi_get_value_bigint_int64"; "napi_open_handle_scope"; "napi_create_error"; "napi_create_buffer"; "napi_cancel_async_work"; "napi_is_exception_pending"; "napi_acquire_threadsafe_function"; "napi_create_external"; "napi_get_threadsafe_function_context"; "napi_get_null"; "napi_create_string_utf16"; "node_api_create_external_string_utf16"; "napi_get_value_bigint_uint64"; "napi_module_register"; "napi_is_typedarray"; "napi_create_external_buffer"; "napi_get_new_target"; "napi_get_instance_data"; "napi_close_handle_scope"; "napi_get_value_string_utf16"; "napi_get_property_names"; "napi_is_arraybuffer"; "napi_get_cb_info"; "napi_define_properties"; "napi_add_env_cleanup_hook"; "node_api_get_module_file_name"; "napi_get_node_version"; "napi_create_int64"; "napi_create_double"; "napi_get_and_clear_last_exception"; "napi_create_reference"; "napi_get_typedarray_info"; "napi_call_threadsafe_function"; "napi_get_last_error_info"; "napi_create_array_with_length"; "napi_coerce_to_number"; "napi_get_global"; "napi_is_error"; "napi_set_instance_data"; "napi_create_typedarray"; "napi_throw_type_error"; "napi_has_property"; "napi_get_value_external"; "napi_create_range_error"; "napi_typeof"; "napi_ref_threadsafe_function"; "napi_create_bigint_uint64"; "napi_get_prototype"; "napi_adjust_external_memory"; "napi_release_threadsafe_function"; "napi_delete_async_work"; "napi_create_string_latin1"; "node_api_create_external_string_latin1"; "napi_is_array"; "napi_unref_threadsafe_function"; "napi_throw_error"; "napi_has_own_property"; "napi_get_reference_value"; "napi_remove_env_cleanup_hook"; "napi_get_value_string_utf8"; "napi_is_promise"; "napi_get_boolean"; "napi_run_script"; "napi_get_element"; "napi_get_named_property"; "napi_get_buffer_info"; "napi_get_value_bool"; "napi_reference_ref"; "napi_create_object"; "napi_create_promise"; "napi_create_int32"; "napi_escape_handle"; "napi_open_escapable_handle_scope"; "napi_throw"; "napi_get_value_double"; "napi_set_named_property"; "napi_call_function"; "napi_create_date"; "napi_object_freeze"; "napi_get_uv_event_loop"; "napi_get_value_string_latin1"; "napi_reject_deferred"; "napi_add_finalizer"; "napi_create_array"; "napi_delete_reference"; "napi_get_date_value"; "napi_create_dataview"; "napi_get_version"; "napi_define_class"; "napi_is_date"; "napi_remove_wrap"; "napi_delete_property"; "napi_instanceof"; "napi_create_buffer_copy"; "napi_delete_element"; "napi_object_seal"; "napi_queue_async_work"; "napi_get_value_bigint_words"; "napi_is_buffer"; "napi_get_array_length"; "napi_get_property"; "napi_new_instance"; "napi_set_element"; "napi_create_bigint_words"; "napi_strict_equals"; "napi_is_dataview"; "napi_close_escapable_handle_scope"; "napi_get_dataview_info"; "napi_get_value_int32"; "napi_unwrap"; "napi_throw_range_error"; "napi_coerce_to_bool"; "napi_create_uint32"; "napi_has_element"; "napi_create_external_arraybuffer"; "napi_create_symbol"; "node_api_symbol_for"; "napi_coerce_to_string"; "napi_create_type_error"; "napi_fatal_exception"; "napi_create_async_work"; "napi_async_init"; "node_api_create_property_key_utf16"; "napi_type_tag_object"; "napi_check_object_type_tag"; "node_api_post_finalizer"; "napi_add_async_cleanup_hook"; "napi_remove_async_cleanup_hook"; };
\ No newline at end of file
+{ "node_api_create_syntax_error"; "napi_make_callback"; "napi_has_named_property"; "napi_async_destroy"; "napi_coerce_to_object"; "napi_get_arraybuffer_info"; "napi_detach_arraybuffer"; "napi_get_undefined"; "napi_reference_unref"; "napi_fatal_error"; "napi_open_callback_scope"; "napi_close_callback_scope"; "napi_get_value_uint32"; "napi_create_function"; "napi_create_arraybuffer"; "napi_get_value_int64"; "napi_get_all_property_names"; "napi_resolve_deferred"; "napi_is_detached_arraybuffer"; "napi_create_string_utf8"; "napi_create_threadsafe_function"; "node_api_throw_syntax_error"; "napi_create_bigint_int64"; "napi_wrap"; "napi_set_property"; "napi_get_value_bigint_int64"; "napi_open_handle_scope"; "napi_create_error"; "napi_create_buffer"; "napi_cancel_async_work"; "napi_is_exception_pending"; "napi_acquire_threadsafe_function"; "napi_create_external"; "napi_get_threadsafe_function_context"; "napi_get_null"; "napi_create_string_utf16"; "node_api_create_external_string_utf16"; "napi_get_value_bigint_uint64"; "napi_module_register"; "napi_is_typedarray"; "napi_create_external_buffer"; "napi_get_new_target"; "napi_get_instance_data"; "napi_close_handle_scope"; "napi_get_value_string_utf16"; "napi_get_property_names"; "napi_is_arraybuffer"; "napi_get_cb_info"; "napi_define_properties"; "napi_add_env_cleanup_hook"; "node_api_get_module_file_name"; "napi_get_node_version"; "napi_create_int64"; "napi_create_double"; "napi_get_and_clear_last_exception"; "napi_create_reference"; "napi_get_typedarray_info"; "napi_call_threadsafe_function"; "napi_get_last_error_info"; "napi_create_array_with_length"; "napi_coerce_to_number"; "napi_get_global"; "napi_is_error"; "napi_set_instance_data"; "napi_create_typedarray"; "napi_throw_type_error"; "napi_has_property"; "napi_get_value_external"; "napi_create_range_error"; "napi_typeof"; "napi_ref_threadsafe_function"; "napi_create_bigint_uint64"; "napi_get_prototype"; "napi_adjust_external_memory"; "napi_release_threadsafe_function"; "napi_delete_async_work"; "napi_create_string_latin1"; "node_api_create_external_string_latin1"; "napi_is_array"; "napi_unref_threadsafe_function"; "napi_throw_error"; "napi_has_own_property"; "napi_get_reference_value"; "napi_remove_env_cleanup_hook"; "napi_get_value_string_utf8"; "napi_is_promise"; "napi_get_boolean"; "napi_run_script"; "napi_get_element"; "napi_get_named_property"; "napi_get_buffer_info"; "napi_get_value_bool"; "napi_reference_ref"; "napi_create_object"; "napi_create_promise"; "napi_create_int32"; "napi_escape_handle"; "napi_open_escapable_handle_scope"; "napi_throw"; "napi_get_value_double"; "napi_set_named_property"; "napi_call_function"; "napi_create_date"; "napi_object_freeze"; "napi_get_uv_event_loop"; "napi_get_value_string_latin1"; "napi_reject_deferred"; "napi_add_finalizer"; "napi_create_array"; "napi_delete_reference"; "napi_get_date_value"; "napi_create_dataview"; "napi_get_version"; "napi_define_class"; "napi_is_date"; "napi_remove_wrap"; "napi_delete_property"; "napi_instanceof"; "napi_create_buffer_copy"; "napi_delete_element"; "napi_object_seal"; "napi_queue_async_work"; "napi_get_value_bigint_words"; "napi_is_buffer"; "napi_get_array_length"; "napi_get_property"; "napi_new_instance"; "napi_set_element"; "napi_create_bigint_words"; "napi_strict_equals"; "napi_is_dataview"; "napi_close_escapable_handle_scope"; "napi_get_dataview_info"; "napi_get_value_int32"; "napi_unwrap"; "napi_throw_range_error"; "napi_coerce_to_bool"; "napi_create_uint32"; "napi_has_element"; "napi_create_external_arraybuffer"; "napi_create_symbol"; "node_api_symbol_for"; "napi_coerce_to_string"; "napi_create_type_error"; "napi_fatal_exception"; "napi_create_async_work"; "napi_async_init"; "node_api_create_property_key_utf16"; "napi_type_tag_object"; "napi_check_object_type_tag"; "node_api_post_finalizer"; "napi_add_async_cleanup_hook"; "napi_remove_async_cleanup_hook"; "uv_mutex_init"; "uv_mutex_lock"; "uv_mutex_unlock"; "uv_mutex_destroy"; "uv_async_init"; "uv_async_send"; "uv_close"; };
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/cli/napi/generated_symbol_exports_list_macos.def b/cli/napi/generated_symbol_exports_list_macos.def
index cac7100c6..36b2f37fa 100644
--- a/cli/napi/generated_symbol_exports_list_macos.def
+++ b/cli/napi/generated_symbol_exports_list_macos.def
@@ -150,4 +150,11 @@ _napi_type_tag_object
 _napi_check_object_type_tag
 _node_api_post_finalizer
 _napi_add_async_cleanup_hook
-_napi_remove_async_cleanup_hook
\ No newline at end of file
+_napi_remove_async_cleanup_hook
+_uv_mutex_init
+_uv_mutex_lock
+_uv_mutex_unlock
+_uv_mutex_destroy
+_uv_async_init
+_uv_async_send
+_uv_close
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/cli/napi/generated_symbol_exports_list_windows.def b/cli/napi/generated_symbol_exports_list_windows.def
index 5386b46e5..b7355112e 100644
--- a/cli/napi/generated_symbol_exports_list_windows.def
+++ b/cli/napi/generated_symbol_exports_list_windows.def
@@ -152,4 +152,11 @@ EXPORTS
   napi_check_object_type_tag
   node_api_post_finalizer
   napi_add_async_cleanup_hook
-  napi_remove_async_cleanup_hook
\ No newline at end of file
+  napi_remove_async_cleanup_hook
+  uv_mutex_init
+  uv_mutex_lock
+  uv_mutex_unlock
+  uv_mutex_destroy
+  uv_async_init
+  uv_async_send
+  uv_close
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/cli/napi/mod.rs b/cli/napi/mod.rs
index 122d2ff06..811efb1ec 100644
--- a/cli/napi/mod.rs
+++ b/cli/napi/mod.rs
@@ -18,3 +18,4 @@
 pub mod js_native_api;
 pub mod node_api;
 pub mod util;
+pub mod uv;
diff --git a/cli/napi/node_api.rs b/cli/napi/node_api.rs
index 81cb800a7..2efb71c26 100644
--- a/cli/napi/node_api.rs
+++ b/cli/napi/node_api.rs
@@ -547,11 +547,16 @@ fn napi_delete_async_work(env: *mut Env, work: napi_async_work) -> napi_status {
 }
 
 #[napi_sym]
-fn napi_get_uv_event_loop(env: *mut Env, uv_loop: *mut *mut ()) -> napi_status {
-  let env = check_env!(env);
+fn napi_get_uv_event_loop(
+  env_ptr: *mut Env,
+  uv_loop: *mut *mut (),
+) -> napi_status {
+  let env = check_env!(env_ptr);
   check_arg!(env, uv_loop);
-  // There is no uv_loop in Deno
-  napi_set_last_error(env, napi_generic_failure)
+  unsafe {
+    *uv_loop = env_ptr.cast();
+  }
+  0
 }
 
 #[napi_sym]
diff --git a/cli/napi/sym/symbol_exports.json b/cli/napi/sym/symbol_exports.json
index 64b548d49..00946b8ed 100644
--- a/cli/napi/sym/symbol_exports.json
+++ b/cli/napi/sym/symbol_exports.json
@@ -152,6 +152,13 @@
     "napi_check_object_type_tag",
     "node_api_post_finalizer",
     "napi_add_async_cleanup_hook",
-    "napi_remove_async_cleanup_hook"
+    "napi_remove_async_cleanup_hook",
+    "uv_mutex_init",
+    "uv_mutex_lock",
+    "uv_mutex_unlock",
+    "uv_mutex_destroy",
+    "uv_async_init",
+    "uv_async_send",
+    "uv_close"
   ]
 }
diff --git a/cli/napi/uv.rs b/cli/napi/uv.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d4cb5c0b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cli/napi/uv.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+// Copyright 2018-2024 the Deno authors. All rights reserved. MIT license.
+
+use deno_core::parking_lot::Mutex;
+use deno_runtime::deno_napi::*;
+use std::mem::MaybeUninit;
+use std::ptr::addr_of_mut;
+
+#[allow(clippy::print_stderr)]
+fn assert_ok(res: c_int) -> c_int {
+  if res != 0 {
+    eprintln!("bad result in uv polyfill: {res}");
+    // don't panic because that might unwind into
+    // c/c++
+    std::process::abort();
+  }
+  res
+}
+
+use crate::napi::js_native_api::napi_create_string_utf8;
+use crate::napi::node_api::napi_create_async_work;
+use crate::napi::node_api::napi_delete_async_work;
+use crate::napi::node_api::napi_queue_async_work;
+use std::ffi::c_int;
+
+const UV_MUTEX_SIZE: usize = {
+  #[cfg(unix)]
+  {
+    std::mem::size_of::<libc::pthread_mutex_t>()
+  }
+  #[cfg(windows)]
+  {
+    std::mem::size_of::<windows_sys::Win32::System::Threading::CRITICAL_SECTION>(
+    )
+  }
+};
+
+#[repr(C)]
+struct uv_mutex_t {
+  mutex: Mutex<()>,
+  _padding: [MaybeUninit<usize>; const {
+    (UV_MUTEX_SIZE - size_of::<Mutex<()>>()) / size_of::<usize>()
+  }],
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+unsafe extern "C" fn uv_mutex_init(lock: *mut uv_mutex_t) -> c_int {
+  unsafe {
+    addr_of_mut!((*lock).mutex).write(Mutex::new(()));
+    0
+  }
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+unsafe extern "C" fn uv_mutex_lock(lock: *mut uv_mutex_t) {
+  unsafe {
+    let guard = (*lock).mutex.lock();
+    // forget the guard so it doesn't unlock when it goes out of scope.
+    // we're going to unlock it manually
+    std::mem::forget(guard);
+  }
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+unsafe extern "C" fn uv_mutex_unlock(lock: *mut uv_mutex_t) {
+  unsafe {
+    (*lock).mutex.force_unlock();
+  }
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+unsafe extern "C" fn uv_mutex_destroy(_lock: *mut uv_mutex_t) {
+  // no cleanup required
+}
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+enum uv_handle_type {
+  UV_UNKNOWN_HANDLE = 0,
+  UV_ASYNC,
+  UV_CHECK,
+  UV_FS_EVENT,
+  UV_FS_POLL,
+  UV_HANDLE,
+  UV_IDLE,
+  UV_NAMED_PIPE,
+  UV_POLL,
+  UV_PREPARE,
+  UV_PROCESS,
+  UV_STREAM,
+  UV_TCP,
+  UV_TIMER,
+  UV_TTY,
+  UV_UDP,
+  UV_SIGNAL,
+  UV_FILE,
+  UV_HANDLE_TYPE_MAX,
+}
+
+const UV_HANDLE_SIZE: usize = 96;
+
+#[repr(C)]
+struct uv_handle_t {
+  // public members
+  pub data: *mut c_void,
+  pub r#loop: *mut uv_loop_t,
+  pub r#type: uv_handle_type,
+
+  _padding: [MaybeUninit<usize>; const {
+    (UV_HANDLE_SIZE
+      - size_of::<*mut c_void>()
+      - size_of::<*mut uv_loop_t>()
+      - size_of::<uv_handle_type>())
+      / size_of::<usize>()
+  }],
+}
+
+#[cfg(unix)]
+const UV_ASYNC_SIZE: usize = 128;
+
+#[cfg(windows)]
+const UV_ASYNC_SIZE: usize = 224;
+
+#[repr(C)]
+struct uv_async_t {
+  // public members
+  pub data: *mut c_void,
+  pub r#loop: *mut uv_loop_t,
+  pub r#type: uv_handle_type,
+  // private
+  async_cb: uv_async_cb,
+  work: napi_async_work,
+  _padding: [MaybeUninit<usize>; const {
+    (UV_ASYNC_SIZE
+      - size_of::<*mut c_void>()
+      - size_of::<*mut uv_loop_t>()
+      - size_of::<uv_handle_type>()
+      - size_of::<uv_async_cb>()
+      - size_of::<napi_async_work>())
+      / size_of::<usize>()
+  }],
+}
+
+type uv_loop_t = Env;
+type uv_async_cb = extern "C" fn(handle: *mut uv_async_t);
+#[no_mangle]
+unsafe extern "C" fn uv_async_init(
+  r#loop: *mut uv_loop_t,
+  // probably uninitialized
+  r#async: *mut uv_async_t,
+  async_cb: uv_async_cb,
+) -> c_int {
+  unsafe {
+    addr_of_mut!((*r#async).r#loop).write(r#loop);
+    addr_of_mut!((*r#async).r#type).write(uv_handle_type::UV_ASYNC);
+    addr_of_mut!((*r#async).async_cb).write(async_cb);
+
+    let mut resource_name: MaybeUninit<napi_value> = MaybeUninit::uninit();
+    assert_ok(napi_create_string_utf8(
+      r#loop,
+      c"uv_async".as_ptr(),
+      usize::MAX,
+      resource_name.as_mut_ptr(),
+    ));
+    let resource_name = resource_name.assume_init();
+
+    let res = napi_create_async_work(
+      r#loop,
+      None::<v8::Local<'static, v8::Value>>.into(),
+      resource_name,
+      Some(async_exec_wrap),
+      None,
+      r#async.cast(),
+      addr_of_mut!((*r#async).work),
+    );
+    -res
+  }
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+unsafe extern "C" fn uv_async_send(handle: *mut uv_async_t) -> c_int {
+  unsafe { -napi_queue_async_work((*handle).r#loop, (*handle).work) }
+}
+
+type uv_close_cb = unsafe extern "C" fn(*mut uv_handle_t);
+
+#[no_mangle]
+unsafe extern "C" fn uv_close(handle: *mut uv_handle_t, close: uv_close_cb) {
+  unsafe {
+    if handle.is_null() {
+      close(handle);
+      return;
+    }
+    if let uv_handle_type::UV_ASYNC = (*handle).r#type {
+      let handle: *mut uv_async_t = handle.cast();
+      napi_delete_async_work((*handle).r#loop, (*handle).work);
+    }
+    close(handle);
+  }
+}
+
+unsafe extern "C" fn async_exec_wrap(_env: napi_env, data: *mut c_void) {
+  let data: *mut uv_async_t = data.cast();
+  unsafe {
+    ((*data).async_cb)(data);
+  }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+  use super::*;
+
+  #[test]
+  fn sizes() {
+    assert_eq!(
+      std::mem::size_of::<libuv_sys_lite::uv_mutex_t>(),
+      UV_MUTEX_SIZE
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+      std::mem::size_of::<libuv_sys_lite::uv_handle_t>(),
+      UV_HANDLE_SIZE
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+      std::mem::size_of::<libuv_sys_lite::uv_async_t>(),
+      UV_ASYNC_SIZE
+    );
+    assert_eq!(std::mem::size_of::<uv_mutex_t>(), UV_MUTEX_SIZE);
+    assert_eq!(std::mem::size_of::<uv_handle_t>(), UV_HANDLE_SIZE);
+    assert_eq!(std::mem::size_of::<uv_async_t>(), UV_ASYNC_SIZE);
+  }
+}