fix(ext/node): add missing _preloadModules hook (#18447)

This internal node hook is used by libraries such as `ts-node` when used
as a require hook `node -r ts-node/register`. That combination is often
used with test frameworks like `mocha` or `jasmine`.

We had a reference to `Module._preloadModules` in our code, but the
implementation was missing. While fixing this I also noticed that the
`fakeParent` module that we create internally always threw because of
the `pathDirname` check on the module id in the constructor of `Mdoule`.
So this code path was probably broken for a while.

```txt
✖ ERROR: Error: Empty filepath.
    at pathDirname (ext:deno_node/01_require.js:245:11)
    at new Module (ext:deno_node/01_require.js:446:15)
    at Function.Module._resolveFilename (ext:deno_node/01_require.js:754:28)
    at Function.resolve (ext:deno_node/01_require.js:1015:19)
```

2 files changed, 15 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/cli/tests/unit_node/module_test.ts b/cli/tests/unit_node/module_test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d071ed2d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cli/tests/unit_node/module_test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Copyright 2018-2023 the Deno authors. All rights reserved. MIT license.
+
+import { Module } from "node:module";
+import { assertStrictEquals } from "../../../test_util/std/testing/asserts.ts";
+
+Deno.test("[node/module _preloadModules] has internal require hook", () => {
+  // Check if it's there
+  // deno-lint-ignore no-explicit-any
+  (Module as any)._preloadModules([
+    "./cli/tests/unit_node/testdata/add_global_property.js",
+  ]);
+  // deno-lint-ignore no-explicit-any
+  assertStrictEquals((globalThis as any).foo, "Hello");
+});
diff --git a/cli/tests/unit_node/testdata/add_global_property.js b/cli/tests/unit_node/testdata/add_global_property.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..814d17d0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cli/tests/unit_node/testdata/add_global_property.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+globalThis.foo = "Hello";