feat(unstable): ability to `npm install` then `deno run main.ts` (#20967)

This PR adds a new unstable "bring your own node_modules" (BYONM)
functionality currently behind a `--unstable-byonm` flag (`"unstable":
["byonm"]` in a deno.json).

This enables users to run a separate install command (ex. `npm install`,
`pnpm install`) then run `deno run main.ts` and Deno will respect the
layout of the node_modules directory as setup by the separate install
command. It also works with npm/yarn/pnpm workspaces.

For this PR, the behaviour is opted into by specifying
`--unstable-byonm`/`"unstable": ["byonm"]`, but in the future we may
make this the default behaviour as outlined in
https://github.com/denoland/deno/issues/18967#issuecomment-1761248941

This is an extremely rough initial implementation. Errors are
terrible in this and the LSP requires frequent restarts. Improvements
will be done in follow up PRs.

14 files changed, 43 insertions, 4 deletions

diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/cjs/index.cjs b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/cjs/index.cjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..16895e48c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/cjs/index.cjs
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+module.exports = {
+    hello: "from cjs"
+};
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/esm/client/bar.js b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/esm/client/bar.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1474f5d29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/esm/client/bar.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export default {
+    hello: "from esm client bar",
+}
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/esm/client/foo.js b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/esm/client/foo.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bb5284b15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/esm/client/foo.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export default {
+    hello: "from esm client foo",
+}
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/esm/client/index.js b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/esm/client/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dc1ec197d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/esm/client/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export default {
+    hello: "from esm client",
+}
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/esm/client/m.js b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/esm/client/m.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fec6807ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/esm/client/m.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export default {
+    hello: "from esm client m",
+}
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/esm/index.js b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/esm/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..38dae7d93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/esm/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export default {
+    hello: "from esm",
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/foo.js b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/foo.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6060c8a67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/foo.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export default {
+  hello: "from foo",
+}
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/package.json b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3576e48f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports-strict/1.0.0/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+{
+  "name": "@denotest/conditional-exports-strict",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "type": "module",
+  "exports": {
+    ".": {
+      "types": "./types/src/index.d.ts",
+      "require": "./cjs/index.cjs",
+      "import": "./esm/index.js"
+    },
+    "./client": {
+      "types": "./types/src/client/index.d.ts",
+      "import": "./esm/client/index.js"
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports/1.0.0/esm/client/bar.js b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports/1.0.0/esm/client/bar.js
index 12352639d..1474f5d29 100644
--- a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports/1.0.0/esm/client/bar.js
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports/1.0.0/esm/client/bar.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 export default {
     hello: "from esm client bar",
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports/1.0.0/esm/client/foo.js b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports/1.0.0/esm/client/foo.js
index 1ab5baf1b..bb5284b15 100644
--- a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports/1.0.0/esm/client/foo.js
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports/1.0.0/esm/client/foo.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 export default {
     hello: "from esm client foo",
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports/1.0.0/esm/client/index.js b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports/1.0.0/esm/client/index.js
index 86f246be4..dc1ec197d 100644
--- a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports/1.0.0/esm/client/index.js
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports/1.0.0/esm/client/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 export default {
     hello: "from esm client",
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports/1.0.0/esm/client/m.js b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports/1.0.0/esm/client/m.js
index 40e769031..fec6807ac 100644
--- a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports/1.0.0/esm/client/m.js
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/conditional-exports/1.0.0/esm/client/m.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 export default {
     hello: "from esm client m",
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/dual-cjs-esm/1.0.0/main.d.cts b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/dual-cjs-esm/1.0.0/main.d.cts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f969ba996
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/dual-cjs-esm/1.0.0/main.d.cts
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export function getKind(): string;
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/dual-cjs-esm/1.0.0/main.d.mts b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/dual-cjs-esm/1.0.0/main.d.mts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f969ba996
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/dual-cjs-esm/1.0.0/main.d.mts
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export function getKind(): string;