feat(test): Add more overloads for "Deno.test" (#12749)

This commit adds 4 more overloads to "Deno.test()" API.

```
// Deno.test(function testName() { });
export function test(fn: (t: TestContext) => void | Promise<void>): void;

// Deno.test("test name", { only: true }, function() { });
export function test(
  name: string,
  options: Omit<TestDefinition, "name">,
  fn: (t: TestContext) => void | Promise<void>,
): void;

// Deno.test({ name: "test name" }, function() { });
export function test(
  options: Omit<TestDefinition, "fn">,
  fn: (t: TestContext) => void | Promise<void>,
): void;

// Deno.test({ only: true }, function testName() { });
export function test(
  options: Omit<TestDefinition, "fn" | "name">,
  fn: (t: TestContext) => void | Promise<void>,
): void;
```

7 files changed, 246 insertions, 27 deletions

diff --git a/cli/dts/lib.deno.ns.d.ts b/cli/dts/lib.deno.ns.d.ts
index 74aa334e2..4bc938ba1 100644
--- a/cli/dts/lib.deno.ns.d.ts
+++ b/cli/dts/lib.deno.ns.d.ts
@@ -315,11 +315,11 @@ declare namespace Deno {
    * ```ts
    * import {assert, fail, assertEquals} from "https://deno.land/std/testing/asserts.ts";
    *
-   * Deno.test("My test description", ():void => {
+   * Deno.test("My test description", (): void => {
    *   assertEquals("hello", "hello");
    * });
    *
-   * Deno.test("My async test description", async ():Promise<void> => {
+   * Deno.test("My async test description", async (): Promise<void> => {
    *   const decoder = new TextDecoder("utf-8");
    *   const data = await Deno.readFile("hello_world.txt");
    *   assertEquals(decoder.decode(data), "Hello world");
@@ -331,6 +331,95 @@ declare namespace Deno {
     fn: (t: TestContext) => void | Promise<void>,
   ): void;
 
+  /** Register a test which will be run when `deno test` is used on the command
+   * line and the containing module looks like a test module.
+   * `fn` can be async if required. Declared function must have a name.
+   *
+   * ```ts
+   * import {assert, fail, assertEquals} from "https://deno.land/std/testing/asserts.ts";
+   *
+   * Deno.test(function myTestName(): void {
+   *   assertEquals("hello", "hello");
+   * });
+   *
+   * Deno.test(async function myOtherTestName(): Promise<void> {
+   *   const decoder = new TextDecoder("utf-8");
+   *   const data = await Deno.readFile("hello_world.txt");
+   *   assertEquals(decoder.decode(data), "Hello world");
+   * });
+   * ```
+   */
+  export function test(fn: (t: TestContext) => void | Promise<void>): void;
+
+  /** Register a test which will be run when `deno test` is used on the command
+   * line and the containing module looks like a test module.
+   * `fn` can be async if required.
+   *
+   * ```ts
+   * import {assert, fail, assertEquals} from "https://deno.land/std/testing/asserts.ts";
+   *
+   * Deno.test("My test description", { permissions: { read: true } }, (): void => {
+   *   assertEquals("hello", "hello");
+   * });
+   *
+   * Deno.test("My async test description", { permissions: { read: false } }, async (): Promise<void> => {
+   *   const decoder = new TextDecoder("utf-8");
+   *   const data = await Deno.readFile("hello_world.txt");
+   *   assertEquals(decoder.decode(data), "Hello world");
+   * });
+   * ```
+   */
+  export function test(
+    name: string,
+    options: Omit<TestDefinition, "fn" | "name">,
+    fn: (t: TestContext) => void | Promise<void>,
+  ): void;
+
+  /** Register a test which will be run when `deno test` is used on the command
+   * line and the containing module looks like a test module.
+   * `fn` can be async if required.
+   *
+   * ```ts
+   * import {assert, fail, assertEquals} from "https://deno.land/std/testing/asserts.ts";
+   *
+   * Deno.test({ name: "My test description", permissions: { read: true } }, (): void => {
+   *   assertEquals("hello", "hello");
+   * });
+   *
+   * Deno.test({ name: "My async test description", permissions: { read: false } }, async (): Promise<void> => {
+   *   const decoder = new TextDecoder("utf-8");
+   *   const data = await Deno.readFile("hello_world.txt");
+   *   assertEquals(decoder.decode(data), "Hello world");
+   * });
+   * ```
+   */
+  export function test(
+    options: Omit<TestDefinition, "fn">,
+    fn: (t: TestContext) => void | Promise<void>,
+  ): void;
+
+  /** Register a test which will be run when `deno test` is used on the command
+   * line and the containing module looks like a test module.
+   * `fn` can be async if required. Declared function must have a name.
+   *
+   * ```ts
+   * import {assert, fail, assertEquals} from "https://deno.land/std/testing/asserts.ts";
+   *
+   * Deno.test({ permissions: { read: true } }, function myTestName(): void {
+   *   assertEquals("hello", "hello");
+   * });
+   *
+   * Deno.test({ permissions: { read: false } }, async function myOtherTestName(): Promise<void> {
+   *   const decoder = new TextDecoder("utf-8");
+   *   const data = await Deno.readFile("hello_world.txt");
+   *   assertEquals(decoder.decode(data), "Hello world");
+   * });
+   * ```
+   */
+  export function test(
+    options: Omit<TestDefinition, "fn" | "name">,
+    fn: (t: TestContext) => void | Promise<void>,
+  ): void;
   /** Exit the Deno process with optional exit code. If no exit code is supplied
    * then Deno will exit with return code of 0.
    *
diff --git a/cli/tests/integration/mod.rs b/cli/tests/integration/mod.rs
index 21ffc5627..cfb950901 100644
--- a/cli/tests/integration/mod.rs
+++ b/cli/tests/integration/mod.rs
@@ -1016,29 +1016,29 @@ async fn test_resolve_dns() {
 
 #[test]
 fn typecheck_declarations_ns() {
-  let status = util::deno_cmd()
+  let output = util::deno_cmd()
     .arg("test")
     .arg("--doc")
     .arg(util::root_path().join("cli/dts/lib.deno.ns.d.ts"))
-    .spawn()
-    .unwrap()
-    .wait()
+    .output()
     .unwrap();
-  assert!(status.success());
+  println!("stdout: {}", String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap());
+  println!("stderr: {}", String::from_utf8(output.stderr).unwrap());
+  assert!(output.status.success());
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn typecheck_declarations_unstable() {
-  let status = util::deno_cmd()
+  let output = util::deno_cmd()
     .arg("test")
     .arg("--doc")
     .arg("--unstable")
     .arg(util::root_path().join("cli/dts/lib.deno.unstable.d.ts"))
-    .spawn()
-    .unwrap()
-    .wait()
+    .output()
     .unwrap();
-  assert!(status.success());
+  println!("stdout: {}", String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap());
+  println!("stderr: {}", String::from_utf8(output.stderr).unwrap());
+  assert!(output.status.success());
 }
 
 #[test]
diff --git a/cli/tests/integration/test_tests.rs b/cli/tests/integration/test_tests.rs
index e5d3fd358..3f23efca2 100644
--- a/cli/tests/integration/test_tests.rs
+++ b/cli/tests/integration/test_tests.rs
@@ -19,6 +19,12 @@ fn no_color() {
   assert!(out.contains("test result: FAILED. 1 passed; 1 failed; 1 ignored; 0 measured; 0 filtered out"));
 }
 
+itest!(overloads {
+  args: "test test/overloads.ts",
+  exit_code: 0,
+  output: "test/overloads.out",
+});
+
 itest!(meta {
   args: "test test/meta.ts",
   exit_code: 0,
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/test/overloads.out b/cli/tests/testdata/test/overloads.out
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..13c088f6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/test/overloads.out
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Check [WILDCARD]/test/overloads.ts
+running 6 tests from [WILDCARD]/test/overloads.ts
+test test0 ... ok ([WILDCARD])
+test test1 ... ok ([WILDCARD])
+test test2 ... ok ([WILDCARD])
+test test3 ... ok ([WILDCARD])
+test test4 ... ok ([WILDCARD])
+test test5 ... ignored ([WILDCARD])
+
+test result: ok. 5 passed; 0 failed; 1 ignored; 0 measured; 0 filtered out ([WILDCARD])
+
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/test/overloads.ts b/cli/tests/testdata/test/overloads.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..eb7b3dccc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/test/overloads.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Deno.test("test0", () => {});
+Deno.test(function test1() {});
+Deno.test({ name: "test2", fn: () => {} });
+Deno.test("test3", { permissions: "none" }, () => {});
+Deno.test({ name: "test4" }, () => {});
+Deno.test({ ignore: true }, function test5() {});
diff --git a/cli/tests/unit/testing_test.ts b/cli/tests/unit/testing_test.ts
index 144246002..d4d25d12f 100644
--- a/cli/tests/unit/testing_test.ts
+++ b/cli/tests/unit/testing_test.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,63 @@
 // Copyright 2018-2021 the Deno authors. All rights reserved. MIT license.
 import { assertRejects, assertThrows, unitTest } from "./test_util.ts";
 
-unitTest(function testFnOverloading() {
-  // just verifying that you can use this test definition syntax
-  Deno.test("test fn overloading", () => {});
+unitTest(function testWrongOverloads() {
+  assertThrows(
+    () => {
+      // @ts-ignore Testing invalid overloads
+      Deno.test("some name", { fn: () => {} }, () => {});
+    },
+    TypeError,
+    "Unexpected 'fn' field in options, test function is already provided as the third argument.",
+  );
+  assertThrows(
+    () => {
+      // @ts-ignore Testing invalid overloads
+      Deno.test("some name", { name: "some name2" }, () => {});
+    },
+    TypeError,
+    "Unexpected 'name' field in options, test name is already provided as the first argument.",
+  );
+  assertThrows(
+    () => {
+      // @ts-ignore Testing invalid overloads
+      Deno.test(() => {});
+    },
+    TypeError,
+    "The test function must have a name",
+  );
+  assertThrows(
+    () => {
+      // @ts-ignore Testing invalid overloads
+      Deno.test(function foo() {}, {});
+    },
+    TypeError,
+    "Unexpected second argument to Deno.test()",
+  );
+  assertThrows(
+    () => {
+      // @ts-ignore Testing invalid overloads
+      Deno.test({ fn: () => {} }, function foo() {});
+    },
+    TypeError,
+    "Unexpected 'fn' field in options, test function is already provided as the second argument.",
+  );
+  assertThrows(
+    () => {
+      // @ts-ignore Testing invalid overloads
+      Deno.test({});
+    },
+    TypeError,
+    "Expected 'fn' field in the first argument to be a test function.",
+  );
+  assertThrows(
+    () => {
+      // @ts-ignore Testing invalid overloads
+      Deno.test({ fn: "boo!" });
+    },
+    TypeError,
+    "Expected 'fn' field in the first argument to be a test function.",
+  );
 });
 
 unitTest(function nameOfTestCaseCantBeEmpty() {
diff --git a/runtime/js/40_testing.js b/runtime/js/40_testing.js
index e07d54a1a..053afc5da 100644
--- a/runtime/js/40_testing.js
+++ b/runtime/js/40_testing.js
@@ -254,8 +254,9 @@ finishing test case.`;
 
   // Main test function provided by Deno.
   function test(
-    t,
-    fn,
+    nameOrFnOrOptions,
+    optionsOrFn,
+    maybeFn,
   ) {
     let testDef;
     const defaults = {
@@ -267,22 +268,74 @@ finishing test case.`;
       permissions: null,
     };
 
-    if (typeof t === "string") {
-      if (!fn || typeof fn != "function") {
-        throw new TypeError("Missing test function");
-      }
-      if (!t) {
+    if (typeof nameOrFnOrOptions === "string") {
+      if (!nameOrFnOrOptions) {
         throw new TypeError("The test name can't be empty");
       }
-      testDef = { fn: fn, name: t, ...defaults };
+      if (typeof optionsOrFn === "function") {
+        testDef = { fn: optionsOrFn, name: nameOrFnOrOptions, ...defaults };
+      } else {
+        if (!maybeFn || typeof maybeFn !== "function") {
+          throw new TypeError("Missing test function");
+        }
+        if (optionsOrFn.fn != undefined) {
+          throw new TypeError(
+            "Unexpected 'fn' field in options, test function is already provided as the third argument.",
+          );
+        }
+        if (optionsOrFn.name != undefined) {
+          throw new TypeError(
+            "Unexpected 'name' field in options, test name is already provided as the first argument.",
+          );
+        }
+        testDef = {
+          ...defaults,
+          ...optionsOrFn,
+          fn: maybeFn,
+          name: nameOrFnOrOptions,
+        };
+      }
+    } else if (typeof nameOrFnOrOptions === "function") {
+      if (!nameOrFnOrOptions.name) {
+        throw new TypeError("The test function must have a name");
+      }
+      if (optionsOrFn != undefined) {
+        throw new TypeError("Unexpected second argument to Deno.test()");
+      }
+      if (maybeFn != undefined) {
+        throw new TypeError("Unexpected third argument to Deno.test()");
+      }
+      testDef = {
+        ...defaults,
+        fn: nameOrFnOrOptions,
+        name: nameOrFnOrOptions.name,
+      };
     } else {
-      if (!t.fn) {
-        throw new TypeError("Missing test function");
+      let fn;
+      let name;
+      if (typeof optionsOrFn === "function") {
+        fn = optionsOrFn;
+        if (nameOrFnOrOptions.fn != undefined) {
+          throw new TypeError(
+            "Unexpected 'fn' field in options, test function is already provided as the second argument.",
+          );
+        }
+        name = nameOrFnOrOptions.name ?? fn.name;
+      } else {
+        if (
+          !nameOrFnOrOptions.fn || typeof nameOrFnOrOptions.fn !== "function"
+        ) {
+          throw new TypeError(
+            "Expected 'fn' field in the first argument to be a test function.",
+          );
+        }
+        fn = nameOrFnOrOptions.fn;
+        name = nameOrFnOrOptions.name ?? fn.name;
       }
-      if (!t.name) {
+      if (!name) {
         throw new TypeError("The test name can't be empty");
       }
-      testDef = { ...defaults, ...t };
+      testDef = { ...defaults, ...nameOrFnOrOptions, fn, name };
     }
 
     testDef.fn = wrapTestFnWithSanitizers(testDef.fn, testDef);