perf: more efficient `deno cache` and npm package info usage (#16592)

1. There was a lot of cloning going on with `NpmPackageInfo`. This is
now stored in an `Arc<NpmPackageInfo>` and cloning only happens on the
individual version.
2. The package cache is now cleared from memory after resolution.
3. This surfaced a bug in `deno cache` and I noticed it can be more
efficient if we have multiple root specifiers if we provide all the
specifiers as roots.

6 files changed, 84 insertions, 59 deletions

diff --git a/cli/main.rs b/cli/main.rs
index cf1bb4ca5..31ac4b331 100644
--- a/cli/main.rs
+++ b/cli/main.rs
@@ -284,23 +284,23 @@ async fn check_command(
 
 async fn load_and_type_check(
   ps: &ProcState,
-  files: &Vec<String>,
+  files: &[String],
 ) -> Result<(), AnyError> {
   let lib = ps.options.ts_type_lib_window();
 
-  for file in files {
-    let specifier = resolve_url_or_path(file)?;
-
-    ps.prepare_module_load(
-      vec![specifier],
-      false,
-      lib,
-      Permissions::allow_all(),
-      Permissions::allow_all(),
-      false,
-    )
-    .await?;
-  }
+  let specifiers = files
+    .iter()
+    .map(|file| resolve_url_or_path(file))
+    .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
+  ps.prepare_module_load(
+    specifiers,
+    false,
+    lib,
+    Permissions::allow_all(),
+    Permissions::allow_all(),
+    false,
+  )
+  .await?;
 
   Ok(())
 }
diff --git a/cli/npm/registry.rs b/cli/npm/registry.rs
index 2a89d4463..daefec04c 100644
--- a/cli/npm/registry.rs
+++ b/cli/npm/registry.rs
@@ -185,12 +185,12 @@ pub trait NpmRegistryApi: Clone + Sync + Send + 'static {
   fn maybe_package_info(
     &self,
     name: &str,
-  ) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<Option<NpmPackageInfo>, AnyError>>;
+  ) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<Option<Arc<NpmPackageInfo>>, AnyError>>;
 
   fn package_info(
     &self,
     name: &str,
-  ) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<NpmPackageInfo, AnyError>> {
+  ) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<Arc<NpmPackageInfo>, AnyError>> {
     let api = self.clone();
     let name = name.to_string();
     async move {
@@ -212,13 +212,14 @@ pub trait NpmRegistryApi: Clone + Sync + Send + 'static {
     let name = name.to_string();
     let version = version.to_string();
     async move {
-      // todo(dsherret): this could be optimized to not clone the
-      // entire package info in the case of the RealNpmRegistryApi
-      let mut package_info = api.package_info(&name).await?;
-      Ok(package_info.versions.remove(&version))
+      let package_info = api.package_info(&name).await?;
+      Ok(package_info.versions.get(&version).cloned())
     }
     .boxed()
   }
+
+  /// Clears the internal memory cache.
+  fn clear_memory_cache(&self);
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
@@ -268,17 +269,21 @@ impl NpmRegistryApi for RealNpmRegistryApi {
   fn maybe_package_info(
     &self,
     name: &str,
-  ) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<Option<NpmPackageInfo>, AnyError>> {
+  ) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<Option<Arc<NpmPackageInfo>>, AnyError>> {
     let api = self.clone();
     let name = name.to_string();
     async move { api.0.maybe_package_info(&name).await }.boxed()
   }
+
+  fn clear_memory_cache(&self) {
+    self.0.mem_cache.lock().clear();
+  }
 }
 
 struct RealNpmRegistryApiInner {
   base_url: Url,
   cache: NpmCache,
-  mem_cache: Mutex<HashMap<String, Option<NpmPackageInfo>>>,
+  mem_cache: Mutex<HashMap<String, Option<Arc<NpmPackageInfo>>>>,
   cache_setting: CacheSetting,
   progress_bar: ProgressBar,
 }
@@ -287,7 +292,7 @@ impl RealNpmRegistryApiInner {
   pub async fn maybe_package_info(
     &self,
     name: &str,
-  ) -> Result<Option<NpmPackageInfo>, AnyError> {
+  ) -> Result<Option<Arc<NpmPackageInfo>>, AnyError> {
     let maybe_info = self.mem_cache.lock().get(name).cloned();
     if let Some(info) = maybe_info {
       Ok(info)
@@ -306,6 +311,7 @@ impl RealNpmRegistryApiInner {
           format!("Error getting response at {}", self.get_package_url(name))
         })?;
       }
+      let maybe_package_info = maybe_package_info.map(Arc::new);
 
       // Not worth the complexity to ensure multiple in-flight requests
       // for the same package only request once because with how this is
@@ -548,8 +554,12 @@ impl NpmRegistryApi for TestNpmRegistryApi {
   fn maybe_package_info(
     &self,
     name: &str,
-  ) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<Option<NpmPackageInfo>, AnyError>> {
+  ) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<Option<Arc<NpmPackageInfo>>, AnyError>> {
     let result = self.package_infos.lock().get(name).cloned();
-    Box::pin(deno_core::futures::future::ready(Ok(result)))
+    Box::pin(deno_core::futures::future::ready(Ok(result.map(Arc::new))))
+  }
+
+  fn clear_memory_cache(&self) {
+    // do nothing for the test api
   }
 }
diff --git a/cli/npm/resolution/graph.rs b/cli/npm/resolution/graph.rs
index 497067925..b56df35ae 100644
--- a/cli/npm/resolution/graph.rs
+++ b/cli/npm/resolution/graph.rs
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ impl<'a, TNpmRegistryApi: NpmRegistryApi>
     &self,
     name: &str,
     version_matcher: &impl NpmVersionMatcher,
-    package_info: NpmPackageInfo,
+    package_info: &NpmPackageInfo,
   ) -> Result<VersionAndInfo, AnyError> {
     if let Some(version) =
       self.resolve_best_package_version(name, version_matcher)
@@ -462,10 +462,14 @@ impl<'a, TNpmRegistryApi: NpmRegistryApi>
     maybe_best_version.cloned()
   }
 
+  pub fn has_package_req(&self, req: &NpmPackageReq) -> bool {
+    self.graph.has_package_req(req)
+  }
+
   pub fn add_package_req(
     &mut self,
     package_req: &NpmPackageReq,
-    package_info: NpmPackageInfo,
+    package_info: &NpmPackageInfo,
   ) -> Result<(), AnyError> {
     let node = self.resolve_node_from_info(
       &package_req.name,
@@ -484,7 +488,7 @@ impl<'a, TNpmRegistryApi: NpmRegistryApi>
   fn analyze_dependency(
     &mut self,
     entry: &NpmDependencyEntry,
-    package_info: NpmPackageInfo,
+    package_info: &NpmPackageInfo,
     parent_id: &NpmPackageId,
     visited_versions: &Arc<VisitedVersionsPath>,
   ) -> Result<(), AnyError> {
@@ -536,7 +540,7 @@ impl<'a, TNpmRegistryApi: NpmRegistryApi>
     &mut self,
     name: &str,
     version_matcher: &impl NpmVersionMatcher,
-    package_info: NpmPackageInfo,
+    package_info: &NpmPackageInfo,
   ) -> Result<Arc<Mutex<Node>>, AnyError> {
     let version_and_info = self.resolve_best_package_version_and_info(
       name,
@@ -613,7 +617,7 @@ impl<'a, TNpmRegistryApi: NpmRegistryApi>
             NpmDependencyEntryKind::Dep => {
               self.analyze_dependency(
                 dep,
-                package_info,
+                &package_info,
                 &parent_id,
                 &visited_versions,
               )?;
@@ -624,7 +628,7 @@ impl<'a, TNpmRegistryApi: NpmRegistryApi>
                 &dep.bare_specifier,
                 &parent_id,
                 dep,
-                package_info,
+                &package_info,
                 &visited_versions,
               )?;
               if let Some(new_parent_id) = maybe_new_parent_id {
@@ -647,7 +651,7 @@ impl<'a, TNpmRegistryApi: NpmRegistryApi>
     specifier: &str,
     parent_id: &NpmPackageId,
     peer_dep: &NpmDependencyEntry,
-    peer_package_info: NpmPackageInfo,
+    peer_package_info: &NpmPackageInfo,
     visited_ancestor_versions: &Arc<VisitedVersionsPath>,
   ) -> Result<Option<NpmPackageId>, AnyError> {
     fn find_matching_child<'a>(
@@ -881,7 +885,7 @@ struct VersionAndInfo {
 fn get_resolved_package_version_and_info(
   pkg_name: &str,
   version_matcher: &impl NpmVersionMatcher,
-  info: NpmPackageInfo,
+  info: &NpmPackageInfo,
   parent: Option<&NpmPackageId>,
 ) -> Result<VersionAndInfo, AnyError> {
   let mut maybe_best_version: Option<VersionAndInfo> = None;
@@ -922,7 +926,7 @@ fn get_resolved_package_version_and_info(
       bail!("Could not find dist-tag '{}'.", tag)
     }
   } else {
-    for (_, version_info) in info.versions.into_iter() {
+    for version_info in info.versions.values() {
       let version = NpmVersion::parse(&version_info.version)?;
       if version_matcher.matches(&version) {
         let is_best_version = maybe_best_version
@@ -932,7 +936,7 @@ fn get_resolved_package_version_and_info(
         if is_best_version {
           maybe_best_version = Some(VersionAndInfo {
             version,
-            info: version_info,
+            info: version_info.clone(),
           });
         }
       }
@@ -981,7 +985,7 @@ mod test {
     let result = get_resolved_package_version_and_info(
       "test",
       &package_ref.req,
-      NpmPackageInfo {
+      &NpmPackageInfo {
         name: "test".to_string(),
         versions: HashMap::new(),
         dist_tags: HashMap::from([(
@@ -1001,7 +1005,7 @@ mod test {
     let result = get_resolved_package_version_and_info(
       "test",
       &package_ref.req,
-      NpmPackageInfo {
+      &NpmPackageInfo {
         name: "test".to_string(),
         versions: HashMap::from([
           ("0.1.0".to_string(), NpmPackageVersionInfo::default()),
@@ -2014,7 +2018,7 @@ mod test {
     for req in reqs {
       let req = NpmPackageReference::from_str(req).unwrap().req;
       resolver
-        .add_package_req(&req, api.package_info(&req.name).await.unwrap())
+        .add_package_req(&req, &api.package_info(&req.name).await.unwrap())
         .unwrap();
     }
 
diff --git a/cli/npm/resolution/mod.rs b/cli/npm/resolution/mod.rs
index 934cfb59b..381e350c9 100644
--- a/cli/npm/resolution/mod.rs
+++ b/cli/npm/resolution/mod.rs
@@ -422,42 +422,54 @@ impl NpmResolution {
     // multiple packages are resolved in alphabetical order
     package_reqs.sort_by(|a, b| a.name.cmp(&b.name));
 
-    // go over the top level packages first, then down the
+    // go over the top level package names first, then down the
     // tree one level at a time through all the branches
     let mut unresolved_tasks = Vec::with_capacity(package_reqs.len());
-    for package_req in package_reqs {
-      if graph.has_package_req(&package_req) {
+    let mut resolving_package_names =
+      HashSet::with_capacity(package_reqs.len());
+    for package_req in &package_reqs {
+      if graph.has_package_req(package_req) {
         // skip analyzing this package, as there's already a matching top level package
         continue;
       }
+      if !resolving_package_names.insert(package_req.name.clone()) {
+        continue; // already resolving
+      }
 
-      // no existing best version, so resolve the current packages
-      let api = self.api.clone();
-      let maybe_info = if should_sync_download() {
+      // cache the package info up front in parallel
+      if should_sync_download() {
         // for deterministic test output
-        Some(api.package_info(&package_req.name).await)
+        self.api.package_info(&package_req.name).await?;
       } else {
-        None
+        let api = self.api.clone();
+        let package_name = package_req.name.clone();
+        unresolved_tasks.push(tokio::task::spawn(async move {
+          // This is ok to call because api will internally cache
+          // the package information in memory.
+          api.package_info(&package_name).await
+        }));
       };
-      unresolved_tasks.push(tokio::task::spawn(async move {
-        let info = match maybe_info {
-          Some(info) => info?,
-          None => api.package_info(&package_req.name).await?,
-        };
-        Result::<_, AnyError>::Ok((package_req, info))
-      }));
+    }
+
+    for result in futures::future::join_all(unresolved_tasks).await {
+      result??; // surface the first error
     }
 
     let mut resolver = GraphDependencyResolver::new(&mut graph, &self.api);
 
-    for result in futures::future::join_all(unresolved_tasks).await {
-      let (package_req, info) = result??;
-      resolver.add_package_req(&package_req, info)?;
+    for package_req in package_reqs {
+      // avoid loading the info if this is already in the graph
+      if !resolver.has_package_req(&package_req) {
+        let info = self.api.package_info(&package_req.name).await?;
+        resolver.add_package_req(&package_req, &info)?;
+      }
     }
 
     resolver.resolve_pending().await?;
 
-    graph.into_snapshot(&self.api).await
+    let result = graph.into_snapshot(&self.api).await;
+    self.api.clear_memory_cache();
+    result
   }
 
   pub fn resolve_package_from_id(
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/cache/037_fetch_multiple.out b/cli/tests/testdata/cache/037_fetch_multiple.out
index 09c6c0f60..f4c0c314b 100644
--- a/cli/tests/testdata/cache/037_fetch_multiple.out
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/cache/037_fetch_multiple.out
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 Download http://localhost:4545/subdir/mod2.ts
+Download http://localhost:4545/subdir/mt_text_typescript.t1.ts
 Download http://localhost:4545/subdir/print_hello.ts
 Check [WILDCARD]/fetch/test.ts
-Download http://localhost:4545/subdir/mt_text_typescript.t1.ts
 Check [WILDCARD]/fetch/other.ts
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/deno_cache.out b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/deno_cache.out
index 957919df1..e4f03e2f1 100644
--- a/cli/tests/testdata/npm/deno_cache.out
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/npm/deno_cache.out
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 Download http://localhost:4545/npm/registry/chalk
-Download http://localhost:4545/npm/registry/chalk/chalk-5.0.1.tgz
 Download http://localhost:4545/npm/registry/mkdirp
 Download http://localhost:4545/npm/registry/chalk/chalk-5.0.1.tgz
 Download http://localhost:4545/npm/registry/mkdirp/mkdirp-1.0.4.tgz