refactor: integrate deno_graph breaking changes (#13495)

Co-authored-by: Bartek Iwańczuk <biwanczuk@gmail.com>

21 files changed, 429 insertions, 355 deletions

diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index c1ad8fcbf..8f180776c 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -115,9 +115,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anyhow"
-version = "1.0.52"
+version = "1.0.53"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "84450d0b4a8bd1ba4144ce8ce718fbc5d071358b1e5384bace6536b3d1f2d5b3"
+checksum = "94a45b455c14666b85fc40a019e8ab9eb75e3a124e05494f5397122bc9eb06e0"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "arrayvec"
@@ -720,7 +720,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "clap_complete",
  "clap_complete_fig",
  "data-url",
- "deno_ast",
+ "deno_ast 0.10.0",
  "deno_bench_util",
  "deno_broadcast_channel",
  "deno_console",
@@ -794,6 +794,23 @@ dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "base64 0.13.0",
  "data-url",
+ "serde",
+ "swc_atoms",
+ "swc_common",
+ "swc_ecmascript",
+ "text_lines",
+ "url",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "deno_ast"
+version = "0.10.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1a2780a628fd2fd52c81ef3f9d2bda0609a662b9e4f85623c29051c277363f65"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "base64 0.13.0",
+ "data-url",
  "dprint-swc-ecma-ast-view",
  "serde",
  "swc_atoms",
@@ -835,7 +852,7 @@ name = "deno_core"
 version = "0.117.0"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
- "deno_ast",
+ "deno_ast 0.9.0",
  "futures",
  "indexmap",
  "libc",
@@ -882,12 +899,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "deno_doc"
-version = "0.26.1"
+version = "0.28.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e82f45d6513b789c04adf0915ca3c3c696f5f5f9379a82834ad4f783fbaa8b3a"
+checksum = "a37040708cc0c8f1f826073774ea4406bee735d8cb6aacd0b9891e27be7c13bd"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if 1.0.0",
- "deno_ast",
+ "deno_ast 0.10.0",
  "deno_graph",
  "futures",
  "lazy_static",
@@ -928,14 +945,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "deno_graph"
-version = "0.18.0"
+version = "0.21.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5b2a21feedd2fde8846a8b94855498ff7e1c59bdf972a06a6faf228999c1f7fd"
+checksum = "86eccec721ae9dceae2e6cbd83b63de3ef810e7c39357c9a867c98b9633d4775"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "cfg-if 1.0.0",
  "data-url",
- "deno_ast",
+ "deno_ast 0.10.0",
  "futures",
  "lazy_static",
  "parking_lot",
@@ -964,12 +981,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "deno_lint"
-version = "0.22.0"
+version = "0.23.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6cf1715d924e6fdf45847868b31742ed305fb6270747c6046dc3c19f67c0d2f5"
+checksum = "c838bbcaffd4143940068bea8eb5faa6de1ed8c3d3d0a63d8ed7319a967f47bd"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
- "deno_ast",
+ "deno_ast 0.10.0",
  "derive_more",
  "if_chain",
  "log",
@@ -1204,9 +1221,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "dprint-core"
-version = "0.49.0"
+version = "0.49.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8113ac9998173de8fa4fcf6fc7fe80c15c93df290828afa060dbdbb84337afbf"
+checksum = "50bcbca32c5b922a8b4ededae420ca17aa7c1ac03131bebe7f78d682945e21a1"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "bumpalo",
@@ -1241,12 +1258,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "dprint-plugin-typescript"
-version = "0.62.0"
+version = "0.62.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b3e9b87d22638bc08075c827ae568e02b07fbf262142db90895383bac3f5a67e"
+checksum = "312bd921ea751a303703123e2e26e28456abd6ae9ff42dce478e16f613154874"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
- "deno_ast",
+ "deno_ast 0.10.0",
  "dprint-core",
  "parking_lot_core",
  "rustc-hash",
diff --git a/cli/Cargo.toml b/cli/Cargo.toml
index b9dcf38fe..5b4095d55 100644
--- a/cli/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cli/Cargo.toml
@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ winapi = "=0.3.9"
 winres = "=0.1.11"
 
 [dependencies]
-deno_ast = { version = "0.9.0", features = ["bundler", "codegen", "dep_graph", "module_specifier", "proposal", "react", "sourcemap", "transforms", "transpiling", "typescript", "view", "visit"] }
+deno_ast = { version = "0.10.0", features = ["bundler", "codegen", "dep_graph", "module_specifier", "proposal", "react", "sourcemap", "transforms", "transpiling", "typescript", "view", "visit"] }
 deno_core = { version = "0.117.0", path = "../core" }
-deno_doc = "0.26.0"
-deno_graph = "0.18.0"
-deno_lint = { version = "0.22.0", features = ["docs"] }
+deno_doc = "0.28.0"
+deno_graph = "0.21.1"
+deno_lint = { version = "0.23.0", features = ["docs"] }
 deno_runtime = { version = "0.43.0", path = "../runtime" }
 
 atty = "=0.2.14"
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ data-url = "=0.1.1"
 dissimilar = "=1.0.2"
 dprint-plugin-json = "=0.14.0"
 dprint-plugin-markdown = "=0.12.1"
-dprint-plugin-typescript = "=0.62.0"
+dprint-plugin-typescript = "=0.62.1"
 encoding_rs = "=0.8.29"
 env_logger = "=0.8.4"
 fancy-regex = "=0.7.1"
diff --git a/cli/compat/esm_resolver.rs b/cli/compat/esm_resolver.rs
index 77dbc3e05..300b76f31 100644
--- a/cli/compat/esm_resolver.rs
+++ b/cli/compat/esm_resolver.rs
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ use deno_core::serde_json::Map;
 use deno_core::serde_json::Value;
 use deno_core::url::Url;
 use deno_core::ModuleSpecifier;
+use deno_graph::source::ResolveResponse;
 use deno_graph::source::Resolver;
 use regex::Regex;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
@@ -31,24 +32,28 @@ impl Resolver for NodeEsmResolver {
     &self,
     specifier: &str,
     referrer: &ModuleSpecifier,
-  ) -> Result<ModuleSpecifier, AnyError> {
+  ) -> ResolveResponse {
     // First try to resolve using import map, ignoring any errors
     if !specifier.starts_with("node:") {
       if let Some(import_map_resolver) = &self.maybe_import_map_resolver {
-        if let Ok(specifier) = import_map_resolver.resolve(specifier, referrer)
-        {
-          return Ok(specifier);
+        let response = import_map_resolver.resolve(specifier, referrer);
+        if !matches!(response, ResolveResponse::Err(_)) {
+          return response;
         }
       }
     }
 
+    let current_dir = match std::env::current_dir() {
+      Ok(path) => path,
+      Err(err) => return ResolveResponse::Err(err.into()),
+    };
     let node_resolution =
-      node_resolve(specifier, referrer.as_str(), &std::env::current_dir()?);
+      node_resolve(specifier, referrer.as_str(), &current_dir);
 
     match node_resolution {
-      Ok(specifier) => {
+      Ok(resolve_response) => {
         // If node resolution succeeded, return the specifier
-        Ok(specifier)
+        resolve_response
       }
       Err(err) => {
         // If node resolution failed, check if it's because of unsupported
@@ -57,11 +62,13 @@ impl Resolver for NodeEsmResolver {
           .to_string()
           .starts_with("[ERR_UNSUPPORTED_ESM_URL_SCHEME]")
         {
-          return deno_core::resolve_import(specifier, referrer.as_str())
-            .map_err(|err| err.into());
+          return match deno_core::resolve_import(specifier, referrer.as_str()) {
+            Ok(specifier) => ResolveResponse::Esm(specifier),
+            Err(err) => ResolveResponse::Err(err.into()),
+          };
         }
 
-        Err(err)
+        ResolveResponse::Err(err)
       }
     }
   }
@@ -75,16 +82,16 @@ fn node_resolve(
   specifier: &str,
   referrer: &str,
   cwd: &std::path::Path,
-) -> Result<ModuleSpecifier, AnyError> {
+) -> Result<ResolveResponse, AnyError> {
   // TODO(bartlomieju): skipped "policy" part as we don't plan to support it
 
   if let Some(resolved) = crate::compat::try_resolve_builtin_module(specifier) {
-    return Ok(resolved);
+    return Ok(ResolveResponse::Esm(resolved));
   }
 
   if let Ok(url) = Url::parse(specifier) {
     if url.scheme() == "data" {
-      return Ok(url);
+      return Ok(ResolveResponse::Specifier(url));
     }
 
     let protocol = url.scheme();
@@ -95,7 +102,7 @@ fn node_resolve(
       if let Some(resolved) =
         crate::compat::try_resolve_builtin_module(&specifier)
       {
-        return Ok(resolved);
+        return Ok(ResolveResponse::Esm(resolved));
       } else {
         return Err(generic_error(format!("Unknown module {}", specifier)));
       }
@@ -107,7 +114,8 @@ fn node_resolve(
 
     if referrer.starts_with("data:") {
       let referrer_url = Url::parse(referrer)?;
-      return referrer_url.join(specifier).map_err(AnyError::from);
+      let url = referrer_url.join(specifier).map_err(AnyError::from)?;
+      return Ok(ResolveResponse::Specifier(url));
     }
   }
 
@@ -121,9 +129,23 @@ fn node_resolve(
   let conditions = DEFAULT_CONDITIONS;
   let url = module_resolve(specifier, &parent_url, conditions)?;
 
+  let resolve_response = if url.as_str().starts_with("http") {
+    ResolveResponse::Esm(url)
+  } else if url.as_str().ends_with(".js") {
+    let package_config = get_package_scope_config(&url)?;
+    if package_config.typ == "module" {
+      ResolveResponse::Esm(url)
+    } else {
+      ResolveResponse::CommonJs(url)
+    }
+  } else if url.as_str().ends_with(".cjs") {
+    ResolveResponse::CommonJs(url)
+  } else {
+    ResolveResponse::Esm(url)
+  };
   // TODO(bartlomieju): skipped checking errors for commonJS resolution and
   // "preserveSymlinksMain"/"preserveSymlinks" options.
-  Ok(url)
+  Ok(resolve_response)
 }
 
 fn to_file_path(url: &ModuleSpecifier) -> PathBuf {
@@ -1146,7 +1168,8 @@ mod tests {
     let actual = node_resolve("foo", main.as_str(), &cwd).unwrap();
     let expected =
       Url::from_file_path(cwd.join("node_modules/foo/index.js")).unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(actual, expected);
+    assert!(matches!(actual, ResolveResponse::Esm(_)));
+    assert_eq!(actual.to_result().unwrap(), expected);
 
     let actual = node_resolve(
       "data:application/javascript,console.log(\"Hello%20Deno\");",
@@ -1154,12 +1177,11 @@ mod tests {
       &cwd,
     )
     .unwrap();
-    eprintln!("actual {}", actual);
-    assert_eq!(
-      actual,
+    let expected =
       Url::parse("data:application/javascript,console.log(\"Hello%20Deno\");")
-        .unwrap()
-    );
+        .unwrap();
+    assert!(matches!(actual, ResolveResponse::Specifier(_)));
+    assert_eq!(actual.to_result().unwrap(), expected);
   }
 
   #[test]
@@ -1169,7 +1191,8 @@ mod tests {
     let actual = node_resolve("foo", main.as_str(), &cwd).unwrap();
     let expected =
       Url::from_file_path(cwd.join("node_modules/foo/index.js")).unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(actual, expected);
+    matches!(actual, ResolveResponse::Esm(_));
+    assert_eq!(actual.to_result().unwrap(), expected);
   }
 
   #[test]
@@ -1179,13 +1202,15 @@ mod tests {
     let actual = node_resolve("foo", main.as_str(), &cwd).unwrap();
     let foo_js =
       Url::from_file_path(cwd.join("node_modules/foo/foo.js")).unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(actual, foo_js);
+    assert!(matches!(actual, ResolveResponse::Esm(_)));
+    assert_eq!(actual.to_result().unwrap(), foo_js);
 
     let actual = node_resolve("bar", foo_js.as_str(), &cwd).unwrap();
 
     let bar_js =
       Url::from_file_path(cwd.join("node_modules/bar/bar.js")).unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(actual, bar_js);
+    assert!(matches!(actual, ResolveResponse::Esm(_)));
+    assert_eq!(actual.to_result().unwrap(), bar_js);
   }
 
   #[test]
@@ -1196,12 +1221,12 @@ mod tests {
       Url::parse("https://deno.land/std@0.123.0/node/http.ts").unwrap();
 
     let actual = node_resolve("http", main.as_str(), &cwd).unwrap();
-    println!("actual {}", actual);
-    assert_eq!(actual, expected);
+    assert!(matches!(actual, ResolveResponse::Esm(_)));
+    assert_eq!(actual.to_result().unwrap(), expected);
 
     let actual = node_resolve("node:http", main.as_str(), &cwd).unwrap();
-    println!("actual {}", actual);
-    assert_eq!(actual, expected);
+    assert!(matches!(actual, ResolveResponse::Esm(_)));
+    assert_eq!(actual.to_result().unwrap(), expected);
   }
 
   #[test]
@@ -1214,14 +1239,16 @@ mod tests {
       cwd.join("node_modules/imports_exports/import_export.js"),
     )
     .unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(actual, expected);
+    assert!(matches!(actual, ResolveResponse::CommonJs(_)));
+    assert_eq!(actual.to_result().unwrap(), expected);
 
     // check that `imports` mapping works correctly
     let cwd = testdir("conditions/node_modules/imports_exports");
     let main = Url::from_file_path(cwd.join("import_export.js")).unwrap();
     let actual = node_resolve("#dep", main.as_str(), &cwd).unwrap();
     let expected = Url::from_file_path(cwd.join("import_polyfill.js")).unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(actual, expected);
+    assert!(matches!(actual, ResolveResponse::CommonJs(_)));
+    assert_eq!(actual.to_result().unwrap(), expected);
   }
 
   #[test]
diff --git a/cli/emit.rs b/cli/emit.rs
index e21013b61..2d1a431dc 100644
--- a/cli/emit.rs
+++ b/cli/emit.rs
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ use deno_core::ModuleSpecifier;
 use deno_graph::MediaType;
 use deno_graph::ModuleGraph;
 use deno_graph::ModuleGraphError;
+use deno_graph::ModuleKind;
 use deno_graph::ResolutionError;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::collections::HashSet;
@@ -269,7 +270,7 @@ pub(crate) fn get_ts_config(
 /// the emittable files in the roots, so they get type checked and optionally
 /// emitted, otherwise they would be ignored if only imported into JavaScript.
 fn get_tsc_roots(
-  roots: &[ModuleSpecifier],
+  roots: &[(ModuleSpecifier, ModuleKind)],
   graph_data: &GraphData,
   check_js: bool,
 ) -> Vec<(ModuleSpecifier, MediaType)> {
@@ -292,7 +293,7 @@ fn get_tsc_roots(
   } else {
     roots
       .iter()
-      .filter_map(|specifier| match graph_data.get(specifier) {
+      .filter_map(|(specifier, _)| match graph_data.get(specifier) {
         Some(ModuleEntry::Module { media_type, .. }) => {
           Some((specifier.clone(), *media_type))
         }
@@ -313,8 +314,15 @@ fn get_version(source_bytes: &[u8], config_bytes: &[u8]) -> String {
   ])
 }
 
-/// Determine if a given media type is emittable or not.
-pub(crate) fn is_emittable(media_type: &MediaType, include_js: bool) -> bool {
+/// Determine if a given module kind and media type is emittable or not.
+pub(crate) fn is_emittable(
+  kind: &ModuleKind,
+  media_type: &MediaType,
+  include_js: bool,
+) -> bool {
+  if matches!(kind, ModuleKind::Synthetic) {
+    return false;
+  }
   match &media_type {
     MediaType::TypeScript
     | MediaType::Mts
@@ -366,7 +374,7 @@ pub(crate) struct CheckEmitResult {
 /// It is expected that it is determined if a check and/or emit is validated
 /// before the function is called.
 pub(crate) fn check_and_maybe_emit(
-  roots: &[ModuleSpecifier],
+  roots: &[(ModuleSpecifier, ModuleKind)],
   graph_data: Arc<RwLock<GraphData>>,
   cache: &mut dyn Cacher,
   options: CheckOptions,
@@ -387,7 +395,7 @@ pub(crate) fn check_and_maybe_emit(
   }
   let root_names = get_tsc_roots(roots, &segment_graph_data, check_js);
   if options.log_checks {
-    for root in roots {
+    for (root, _) in roots {
       let root_str = root.to_string();
       // `$deno` specifiers are internal, don't print them.
       if !root_str.contains("$deno") {
@@ -401,7 +409,7 @@ pub(crate) fn check_and_maybe_emit(
   let maybe_tsbuildinfo = if options.reload {
     None
   } else {
-    cache.get(CacheType::TypeScriptBuildInfo, &roots[0])
+    cache.get(CacheType::TypeScriptBuildInfo, &roots[0].0)
   };
   // to make tsc build info work, we need to consistently hash modules, so that
   // tsc can better determine if an emit is still valid or not, so we provide
@@ -442,7 +450,7 @@ pub(crate) fn check_and_maybe_emit(
     if let Some(info) = &response.maybe_tsbuildinfo {
       // while we retrieve the build info for just the first module, it can be
       // used for all the roots in the graph, so we will cache it for all roots
-      for root in roots {
+      for (root, _) in roots {
         cache.set(CacheType::TypeScriptBuildInfo, root, info.clone())?;
       }
     }
@@ -547,8 +555,8 @@ impl swc::bundler::Load for BundleLoader<'_> {
         if let Some(m) = self.graph.get(specifier) {
           let (fm, module) = transpile_module(
             specifier,
-            m.maybe_source().unwrap_or(""),
-            *m.media_type(),
+            m.maybe_source.as_ref().map(|s| s.as_str()).unwrap_or(""),
+            m.media_type,
             self.emit_options,
             self.cm.clone(),
           )?;
@@ -716,7 +724,7 @@ pub(crate) fn bundle(
     let mut entries = HashMap::new();
     entries.insert(
       "bundle".to_string(),
-      swc::common::FileName::Url(graph.roots[0].clone()),
+      swc::common::FileName::Url(graph.roots[0].0.clone()),
     );
     let output = bundler
       .bundle(entries)
@@ -795,21 +803,32 @@ pub(crate) fn emit(
   let mut file_count = 0_u32;
   for module in graph.modules() {
     file_count += 1;
-    if !is_emittable(&module.media_type, include_js) {
+    if !is_emittable(&module.kind, &module.media_type, include_js) {
       continue;
     }
     let needs_reload =
       options.reload && !options.reload_exclusions.contains(&module.specifier);
-    let version = get_version(module.source.as_bytes(), &config_bytes);
-    let is_valid = cache
-      .get(CacheType::Version, &module.specifier)
-      .map_or(false, |v| {
-        v == get_version(module.source.as_bytes(), &config_bytes)
-      });
+    let version = get_version(
+      module.maybe_source.as_ref().map(|s| s.as_bytes()).unwrap(),
+      &config_bytes,
+    );
+    let is_valid =
+      cache
+        .get(CacheType::Version, &module.specifier)
+        .map_or(false, |v| {
+          v == get_version(
+            module.maybe_source.as_ref().map(|s| s.as_bytes()).unwrap(),
+            &config_bytes,
+          )
+        });
     if is_valid && !needs_reload {
       continue;
     }
-    let transpiled_source = module.parsed_source.transpile(&emit_options)?;
+    let transpiled_source = module
+      .maybe_parsed_source
+      .as_ref()
+      .map(|ps| ps.transpile(&emit_options))
+      .unwrap()?;
     emit_count += 1;
     cache.set(CacheType::Emit, &module.specifier, transpiled_source.text)?;
     if let Some(map) = transpiled_source.source_map {
@@ -897,8 +916,8 @@ impl fmt::Display for GraphError {
       ModuleGraphError::ResolutionError(err) => {
         if matches!(
           err,
-          ResolutionError::InvalidDowngrade(_, _)
-            | ResolutionError::InvalidLocalImport(_, _)
+          ResolutionError::InvalidDowngrade { .. }
+            | ResolutionError::InvalidLocalImport { .. }
         ) {
           write!(f, "{}", err.to_string_with_range())
         } else {
@@ -918,7 +937,7 @@ pub(crate) fn to_file_map(
 ) -> HashMap<String, String> {
   let mut files = HashMap::new();
   for (_, result) in graph.specifiers().into_iter() {
-    if let Ok((specifier, media_type)) = result {
+    if let Ok((specifier, _, media_type)) = result {
       if let Some(emit) = cache.get(CacheType::Emit, &specifier) {
         files.insert(format!("{}.js", specifier), emit);
         if let Some(map) = cache.get(CacheType::SourceMap, &specifier) {
@@ -935,7 +954,11 @@ pub(crate) fn to_file_map(
         if let Some(module) = graph.get(&specifier) {
           files.insert(
             specifier.to_string(),
-            module.maybe_source().unwrap_or("").to_string(),
+            module
+              .maybe_source
+              .as_ref()
+              .map(|s| s.to_string())
+              .unwrap_or_else(|| "".to_string()),
           );
         }
       }
@@ -1027,16 +1050,29 @@ mod tests {
 
   #[test]
   fn test_is_emittable() {
-    assert!(is_emittable(&MediaType::TypeScript, false));
-    assert!(!is_emittable(&MediaType::Dts, false));
-    assert!(!is_emittable(&MediaType::Dcts, false));
-    assert!(!is_emittable(&MediaType::Dmts, false));
-    assert!(is_emittable(&MediaType::Tsx, false));
-    assert!(!is_emittable(&MediaType::JavaScript, false));
-    assert!(!is_emittable(&MediaType::Cjs, false));
-    assert!(!is_emittable(&MediaType::Mjs, false));
-    assert!(is_emittable(&MediaType::JavaScript, true));
-    assert!(is_emittable(&MediaType::Jsx, false));
-    assert!(!is_emittable(&MediaType::Json, false));
+    assert!(is_emittable(
+      &ModuleKind::Esm,
+      &MediaType::TypeScript,
+      false
+    ));
+    assert!(!is_emittable(
+      &ModuleKind::Synthetic,
+      &MediaType::TypeScript,
+      false
+    ));
+    assert!(!is_emittable(&ModuleKind::Esm, &MediaType::Dts, false));
+    assert!(!is_emittable(&ModuleKind::Esm, &MediaType::Dcts, false));
+    assert!(!is_emittable(&ModuleKind::Esm, &MediaType::Dmts, false));
+    assert!(is_emittable(&ModuleKind::Esm, &MediaType::Tsx, false));
+    assert!(!is_emittable(
+      &ModuleKind::Esm,
+      &MediaType::JavaScript,
+      false
+    ));
+    assert!(!is_emittable(&ModuleKind::Esm, &MediaType::Cjs, false));
+    assert!(!is_emittable(&ModuleKind::Esm, &MediaType::Mjs, false));
+    assert!(is_emittable(&ModuleKind::Esm, &MediaType::JavaScript, true));
+    assert!(is_emittable(&ModuleKind::Esm, &MediaType::Jsx, false));
+    assert!(!is_emittable(&ModuleKind::Esm, &MediaType::Json, false));
   }
 }
diff --git a/cli/errors.rs b/cli/errors.rs
index 1cef35399..1ae6559fe 100644
--- a/cli/errors.rs
+++ b/cli/errors.rs
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ pub(crate) fn get_module_graph_error_class(
 
 fn get_resolution_error_class(err: &ResolutionError) -> &'static str {
   match err {
-    ResolutionError::ResolverError(err, _, _) => {
-      get_error_class_name(err.as_ref())
+    ResolutionError::ResolverError { error, .. } => {
+      get_error_class_name(error.as_ref())
     }
     _ => "TypeError",
   }
diff --git a/cli/file_fetcher.rs b/cli/file_fetcher.rs
index 92c253e31..bd4e01bdc 100644
--- a/cli/file_fetcher.rs
+++ b/cli/file_fetcher.rs
@@ -697,7 +697,11 @@ impl FileFetcher {
   }
 
   pub fn get_local_path(&self, specifier: &ModuleSpecifier) -> Option<PathBuf> {
-    if specifier.scheme() == "file" {
+    // TODO(@kitsonk) fix when deno_graph does not query cache for synthetic
+    // modules
+    if specifier.scheme() == "flags" {
+      None
+    } else if specifier.scheme() == "file" {
       specifier.to_file_path().ok()
     } else {
       self.http_cache.get_cache_filename(specifier)
diff --git a/cli/graph_util.rs b/cli/graph_util.rs
index efce57075..f0a38b7a1 100644
--- a/cli/graph_util.rs
+++ b/cli/graph_util.rs
@@ -8,17 +8,24 @@ use deno_core::error::AnyError;
 use deno_core::ModuleSpecifier;
 use deno_graph::Dependency;
 use deno_graph::MediaType;
-use deno_graph::Module;
 use deno_graph::ModuleGraph;
 use deno_graph::ModuleGraphError;
+use deno_graph::ModuleKind;
 use deno_graph::Range;
-use deno_graph::ResolutionError;
+use deno_graph::Resolved;
 use std::collections::BTreeMap;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::collections::HashSet;
 use std::collections::VecDeque;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
+pub(crate) fn contains_specifier(
+  v: &[(ModuleSpecifier, ModuleKind)],
+  specifier: &ModuleSpecifier,
+) -> bool {
+  v.iter().any(|(s, _)| s == specifier)
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 #[allow(clippy::large_enum_variant)]
 pub(crate) enum ModuleEntry {
@@ -29,11 +36,10 @@ pub(crate) enum ModuleEntry {
     /// A set of type libs that the module has passed a type check with this
     /// session. This would consist of window, worker or both.
     checked_libs: HashSet<TypeLib>,
-    maybe_types: Option<Result<(ModuleSpecifier, Range), ResolutionError>>,
+    maybe_types: Option<Resolved>,
   },
   Configuration {
-    dependencies:
-      BTreeMap<String, Result<(ModuleSpecifier, Range), ResolutionError>>,
+    dependencies: BTreeMap<String, Resolved>,
   },
   Error(ModuleGraphError),
   Redirect(ModuleSpecifier),
@@ -62,64 +68,62 @@ impl GraphData {
         continue;
       }
       match result {
-        Ok((_, media_type)) => {
+        Ok((_, _, media_type)) => {
           let module = graph.get(&specifier).unwrap();
-          let (code, dependencies, maybe_types) = match module {
-            Module::Es(es_module) => (
-              es_module.source.clone(),
-              es_module.dependencies.clone(),
-              es_module
-                .maybe_types_dependency
-                .as_ref()
-                .and_then(|(_, r)| r.clone()),
-            ),
-            Module::Synthetic(synthetic_module) => match &synthetic_module
-              .maybe_source
-            {
-              // Synthetic modules with a source are actually JSON modules.
-              Some(source) => (source.clone(), Default::default(), None),
-              // Synthetic modules without a source are config roots.
-              None => {
-                let mut dependencies = BTreeMap::new();
-                for (specifier, resolved) in &synthetic_module.dependencies {
-                  if let Some(dep_result) = resolved {
-                    dependencies.insert(specifier.clone(), dep_result.clone());
-                    if let Ok((specifier, referrer_range)) = dep_result {
-                      let entry = self.referrer_map.entry(specifier.clone());
-                      entry.or_insert_with(|| referrer_range.clone());
-                    }
-                  }
+          if module.kind == ModuleKind::Synthetic {
+            let mut dependencies = BTreeMap::new();
+            for (specifier, dependency) in &module.dependencies {
+              if !matches!(dependency.maybe_type, Resolved::None) {
+                dependencies
+                  .insert(specifier.clone(), dependency.maybe_type.clone());
+                if let Resolved::Ok {
+                  specifier, range, ..
+                } = &dependency.maybe_type
+                {
+                  let entry = self.referrer_map.entry(specifier.clone());
+                  entry.or_insert_with(|| range.clone());
                 }
-                self.modules.insert(
-                  synthetic_module.specifier.clone(),
-                  ModuleEntry::Configuration { dependencies },
-                );
-                self
-                  .configurations
-                  .insert(synthetic_module.specifier.clone());
-                continue;
               }
-            },
+            }
+            self.modules.insert(
+              module.specifier.clone(),
+              ModuleEntry::Configuration { dependencies },
+            );
+            self.configurations.insert(module.specifier.clone());
+          }
+          let code = match &module.maybe_source {
+            Some(source) => source.clone(),
+            None => continue,
           };
-          if let Some(Ok((specifier, referrer_range))) = &maybe_types {
+          let maybe_types = module
+            .maybe_types_dependency
+            .as_ref()
+            .map(|(_, r)| r.clone());
+          if let Some(Resolved::Ok {
+            specifier, range, ..
+          }) = &maybe_types
+          {
             let specifier = graph.redirects.get(specifier).unwrap_or(specifier);
             let entry = self.referrer_map.entry(specifier.clone());
-            entry.or_insert_with(|| referrer_range.clone());
+            entry.or_insert_with(|| range.clone());
           }
-          for dep in dependencies.values() {
+          for dep in module.dependencies.values() {
             #[allow(clippy::manual_flatten)]
             for resolved in [&dep.maybe_code, &dep.maybe_type] {
-              if let Some(Ok((specifier, referrer_range))) = resolved {
+              if let Resolved::Ok {
+                specifier, range, ..
+              } = resolved
+              {
                 let specifier =
                   graph.redirects.get(specifier).unwrap_or(specifier);
                 let entry = self.referrer_map.entry(specifier.clone());
-                entry.or_insert_with(|| referrer_range.clone());
+                entry.or_insert_with(|| range.clone());
               }
             }
           }
           let module_entry = ModuleEntry::Module {
             code,
-            dependencies,
+            dependencies: module.dependencies.clone(),
             media_type,
             checked_libs: Default::default(),
             maybe_types,
@@ -142,7 +146,7 @@ impl GraphData {
   /// Return `None` if any modules are not known.
   pub(crate) fn walk<'a>(
     &'a self,
-    roots: &[ModuleSpecifier],
+    roots: &[(ModuleSpecifier, ModuleKind)],
     follow_dynamic: bool,
     follow_type_only: bool,
     check_js: bool,
@@ -150,7 +154,7 @@ impl GraphData {
     let mut result = HashMap::<&'a ModuleSpecifier, &'a ModuleEntry>::new();
     let mut seen = HashSet::<&ModuleSpecifier>::new();
     let mut visiting = VecDeque::<&ModuleSpecifier>::new();
-    for root in roots {
+    for (root, _) in roots {
       seen.insert(root);
       visiting.push_back(root);
     }
@@ -181,10 +185,10 @@ impl GraphData {
             ))
             && follow_type_only;
           if check_types {
-            if let Some(Ok((types, _))) = maybe_types {
-              if !seen.contains(types) {
-                seen.insert(types);
-                visiting.push_front(types);
+            if let Some(Resolved::Ok { specifier, .. }) = maybe_types {
+              if !seen.contains(specifier) {
+                seen.insert(specifier);
+                visiting.push_front(specifier);
               }
             }
           }
@@ -196,10 +200,10 @@ impl GraphData {
               }
               #[allow(clippy::manual_flatten)]
               for resolved in resolutions {
-                if let Some(Ok((dep_specifier, _))) = resolved {
-                  if !seen.contains(dep_specifier) {
-                    seen.insert(dep_specifier);
-                    visiting.push_front(dep_specifier);
+                if let Resolved::Ok { specifier, .. } = resolved {
+                  if !seen.contains(specifier) {
+                    seen.insert(specifier);
+                    visiting.push_front(specifier);
                   }
                 }
               }
@@ -207,10 +211,12 @@ impl GraphData {
           }
         }
         ModuleEntry::Configuration { dependencies } => {
-          for (dep_specifier, _) in dependencies.values().flatten() {
-            if !seen.contains(dep_specifier) {
-              seen.insert(dep_specifier);
-              visiting.push_front(dep_specifier);
+          for resolved in dependencies.values() {
+            if let Resolved::Ok { specifier, .. } = resolved {
+              if !seen.contains(specifier) {
+                seen.insert(specifier);
+                visiting.push_front(specifier);
+              }
             }
           }
         }
@@ -230,7 +236,7 @@ impl GraphData {
   /// `roots`. Returns `None` if any roots are not known.
   pub(crate) fn graph_segment(
     &self,
-    roots: &[ModuleSpecifier],
+    roots: &[(ModuleSpecifier, ModuleKind)],
   ) -> Option<Self> {
     let mut modules = HashMap::new();
     let mut referrer_map = HashMap::new();
@@ -257,7 +263,7 @@ impl GraphData {
   /// not known.
   pub(crate) fn check(
     &self,
-    roots: &[ModuleSpecifier],
+    roots: &[(ModuleSpecifier, ModuleKind)],
     follow_type_only: bool,
     check_js: bool,
   ) -> Option<Result<(), AnyError>> {
@@ -283,7 +289,7 @@ impl GraphData {
             ))
             && follow_type_only;
           if check_types {
-            if let Some(Err(error)) = maybe_types {
+            if let Some(Resolved::Err(error)) = maybe_types {
               let range = error.range();
               if !range.specifier.as_str().contains("$deno") {
                 return Some(Err(custom_error(
@@ -302,7 +308,7 @@ impl GraphData {
               }
               #[allow(clippy::manual_flatten)]
               for resolved in resolutions {
-                if let Some(Err(error)) = resolved {
+                if let Resolved::Err(error) = resolved {
                   let range = error.range();
                   if !range.specifier.as_str().contains("$deno") {
                     return Some(Err(custom_error(
@@ -318,7 +324,7 @@ impl GraphData {
         }
         ModuleEntry::Configuration { dependencies } => {
           for resolved_result in dependencies.values() {
-            if let Err(error) = resolved_result {
+            if let Resolved::Err(error) = resolved_result {
               let range = error.range();
               if !range.specifier.as_str().contains("$deno") {
                 return Some(Err(custom_error(
@@ -331,7 +337,7 @@ impl GraphData {
           }
         }
         ModuleEntry::Error(error) => {
-          if !roots.contains(specifier) {
+          if !contains_specifier(roots, specifier) {
             if let Some(range) = self.referrer_map.get(specifier) {
               if !range.specifier.as_str().contains("$deno") {
                 let message = error.to_string();
@@ -354,7 +360,7 @@ impl GraphData {
   /// Assumes that all of those modules are known.
   pub(crate) fn set_type_checked(
     &mut self,
-    roots: &[ModuleSpecifier],
+    roots: &[(ModuleSpecifier, ModuleKind)],
     lib: &TypeLib,
   ) {
     let specifiers: Vec<ModuleSpecifier> =
@@ -374,10 +380,10 @@ impl GraphData {
   /// Check if `roots` are all marked as type checked under `lib`.
   pub(crate) fn is_type_checked(
     &self,
-    roots: &[ModuleSpecifier],
+    roots: &[(ModuleSpecifier, ModuleKind)],
     lib: &TypeLib,
   ) -> bool {
-    roots.iter().all(|r| {
+    roots.iter().all(|(r, _)| {
       let found = self.follow_redirect(r);
       match self.modules.get(&found) {
         Some(ModuleEntry::Module { checked_libs, .. }) => {
diff --git a/cli/lsp/cache.rs b/cli/lsp/cache.rs
index e21bcff2d..b05dcbc38 100644
--- a/cli/lsp/cache.rs
+++ b/cli/lsp/cache.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,10 @@ use std::thread;
 use tokio::sync::mpsc;
 use tokio::sync::oneshot;
 
-type Request = (Vec<ModuleSpecifier>, oneshot::Sender<Result<(), AnyError>>);
+type Request = (
+  Vec<(ModuleSpecifier, deno_graph::ModuleKind)>,
+  oneshot::Sender<Result<(), AnyError>>,
+);
 
 /// A "server" that handles requests from the language server to cache modules
 /// in its own thread.
@@ -105,7 +108,7 @@ impl CacheServer {
   /// client.
   pub async fn cache(
     &self,
-    roots: Vec<ModuleSpecifier>,
+    roots: Vec<(ModuleSpecifier, deno_graph::ModuleKind)>,
   ) -> Result<(), AnyError> {
     let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel::<Result<(), AnyError>>();
     if self.0.send((roots, tx)).is_err() {
diff --git a/cli/lsp/diagnostics.rs b/cli/lsp/diagnostics.rs
index f1ed42544..62b89e526 100644
--- a/cli/lsp/diagnostics.rs
+++ b/cli/lsp/diagnostics.rs
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ use deno_core::error::AnyError;
 use deno_core::resolve_url;
 use deno_core::serde_json::json;
 use deno_core::ModuleSpecifier;
+use deno_graph::Resolved;
 use deno_runtime::tokio_util::create_basic_runtime;
 use log::error;
 use lspower::lsp;
@@ -547,13 +548,13 @@ fn resolution_error_as_code(
   use deno_graph::SpecifierError;
 
   match err {
-    ResolutionError::InvalidDowngrade(_, _) => {
+    ResolutionError::InvalidDowngrade { .. } => {
       lsp::NumberOrString::String("invalid-downgrade".to_string())
     }
-    ResolutionError::InvalidLocalImport(_, _) => {
+    ResolutionError::InvalidLocalImport { .. } => {
       lsp::NumberOrString::String("invalid-local-import".to_string())
     }
-    ResolutionError::InvalidSpecifier(err, _) => match err {
+    ResolutionError::InvalidSpecifier { error, .. } => match error {
       SpecifierError::ImportPrefixMissing(_, _) => {
         lsp::NumberOrString::String("import-prefix-missing".to_string())
       }
@@ -561,7 +562,7 @@ fn resolution_error_as_code(
         lsp::NumberOrString::String("invalid-url".to_string())
       }
     },
-    ResolutionError::ResolverError(_, _, _) => {
+    ResolutionError::ResolverError { .. } => {
       lsp::NumberOrString::String("resolver-error".to_string())
     }
   }
@@ -575,7 +576,9 @@ fn diagnose_dependency(
   maybe_assert_type: Option<&str>,
 ) {
   match resolved {
-    Some(Ok((specifier, range))) => {
+    Resolved::Ok {
+      specifier, range, ..
+    } => {
       if let Some(doc) = documents.get(specifier) {
         if let Some(message) = doc.maybe_warning() {
           diagnostics.push(lsp::Diagnostic {
@@ -633,7 +636,7 @@ fn diagnose_dependency(
         });
       }
     }
-    Some(Err(err)) => diagnostics.push(lsp::Diagnostic {
+    Resolved::Err(err) => diagnostics.push(lsp::Diagnostic {
       range: documents::to_lsp_range(err.range()),
       severity: Some(lsp::DiagnosticSeverity::ERROR),
       code: Some(resolution_error_as_code(err)),
diff --git a/cli/lsp/documents.rs b/cli/lsp/documents.rs
index 5d583330d..19753389d 100644
--- a/cli/lsp/documents.rs
+++ b/cli/lsp/documents.rs
@@ -22,7 +22,9 @@ use deno_core::error::AnyError;
 use deno_core::parking_lot::Mutex;
 use deno_core::url;
 use deno_core::ModuleSpecifier;
+use deno_graph::source::ResolveResponse;
 use deno_graph::Module;
+use deno_graph::Resolved;
 use lspower::lsp;
 use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
 use std::collections::BTreeMap;
@@ -213,58 +215,6 @@ impl AssetOrDocument {
   }
 }
 
-// TODO(@kitsonk) expose the synthetic module from deno_graph
-#[derive(Debug)]
-struct SyntheticModule {
-  dependencies: BTreeMap<String, deno_graph::Resolved>,
-  specifier: ModuleSpecifier,
-}
-
-impl SyntheticModule {
-  pub fn new(
-    specifier: ModuleSpecifier,
-    dependencies: Vec<(String, Option<lsp::Range>)>,
-    maybe_resolver: Option<&dyn deno_graph::source::Resolver>,
-  ) -> Self {
-    let dependencies = dependencies
-      .iter()
-      .map(|(dep, maybe_range)| {
-        let range = to_deno_graph_range(&specifier, maybe_range.as_ref());
-        let result = if let Some(resolver) = maybe_resolver {
-          resolver.resolve(dep, &specifier).map_err(|err| {
-            if let Some(specifier_error) =
-              err.downcast_ref::<deno_graph::SpecifierError>()
-            {
-              deno_graph::ResolutionError::InvalidSpecifier(
-                specifier_error.clone(),
-                range.clone(),
-              )
-            } else {
-              deno_graph::ResolutionError::ResolverError(
-                Arc::new(err),
-                dep.to_string(),
-                range.clone(),
-              )
-            }
-          })
-        } else {
-          deno_core::resolve_import(dep, specifier.as_str()).map_err(|err| {
-            deno_graph::ResolutionError::ResolverError(
-              Arc::new(err.into()),
-              dep.to_string(),
-              range.clone(),
-            )
-          })
-        };
-        (dep.to_string(), Some(result.map(|s| (s, range))))
-      })
-      .collect();
-    Self {
-      dependencies,
-      specifier,
-    }
-  }
-}
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 struct DocumentInner {
   /// contains the last-known-good set of dependencies from parsing the module
@@ -274,7 +224,7 @@ struct DocumentInner {
   maybe_language_id: Option<LanguageId>,
   maybe_lsp_version: Option<i32>,
   maybe_module:
-    Option<Result<deno_graph::EsModule, deno_graph::ModuleGraphError>>,
+    Option<Result<deno_graph::Module, deno_graph::ModuleGraphError>>,
   maybe_navigation_tree: Option<Arc<tsc::NavigationTree>>,
   maybe_warning: Option<String>,
   specifier: ModuleSpecifier,
@@ -299,16 +249,14 @@ impl Document {
     // we only ever do `Document::new` on on disk resources that are supposed to
     // be diagnosable, unlike `Document::open`, so it is safe to unconditionally
     // parse the module.
-    let maybe_module = match deno_graph::parse_module(
+    let maybe_module = Some(deno_graph::parse_module(
       &specifier,
       maybe_headers,
       content.clone(),
+      Some(&deno_graph::ModuleKind::Esm),
       maybe_resolver,
       Some(&parser),
-    ) {
-      Ok(m) => m.to_maybe_es_module().map(Ok),
-      Err(err) => Some(Err(err)),
-    };
+    ));
     let dependencies = if let Some(Ok(module)) = &maybe_module {
       Arc::new(module.dependencies.clone())
     } else {
@@ -340,16 +288,14 @@ impl Document {
     let maybe_headers = language_id.as_headers();
     let parser = SourceParser::default();
     let maybe_module = if language_id.is_diagnosable() {
-      match deno_graph::parse_module(
+      Some(deno_graph::parse_module(
         &specifier,
         maybe_headers,
         content.clone(),
+        Some(&deno_graph::ModuleKind::Esm),
         maybe_resolver,
         Some(&parser),
-      ) {
-        Ok(m) => m.to_maybe_es_module().map(Ok),
-        Err(err) => Some(Err(err)),
-      }
+      ))
     } else {
       None
     };
@@ -411,16 +357,14 @@ impl Document {
         .map(|li| li.as_headers())
         .flatten();
       let parser = SourceParser::default();
-      match deno_graph::parse_module(
+      Some(deno_graph::parse_module(
         &self.0.specifier,
         maybe_headers,
         content.clone(),
+        Some(&deno_graph::ModuleKind::Esm),
         maybe_resolver,
         Some(&parser),
-      ) {
-        Ok(m) => m.to_maybe_es_module().map(Ok),
-        Err(err) => Some(Err(err)),
-      }
+      ))
     } else {
       None
     };
@@ -504,10 +448,19 @@ impl Document {
   }
 
   pub fn maybe_types_dependency(&self) -> deno_graph::Resolved {
-    let module_result = self.0.maybe_module.as_ref()?;
-    let module = module_result.as_ref().ok()?;
-    let (_, maybe_dep) = module.maybe_types_dependency.as_ref()?;
-    maybe_dep.clone()
+    let module_result = match self.0.maybe_module.as_ref() {
+      Some(module_result) => module_result,
+      _ => return deno_graph::Resolved::None,
+    };
+    let module = match module_result.as_ref() {
+      Ok(module) => module,
+      Err(_) => return deno_graph::Resolved::None,
+    };
+    if let Some((_, maybe_dep)) = module.maybe_types_dependency.as_ref() {
+      maybe_dep.clone()
+    } else {
+      deno_graph::Resolved::None
+    }
   }
 
   pub fn media_type(&self) -> MediaType {
@@ -525,18 +478,18 @@ impl Document {
 
   fn maybe_module(
     &self,
-  ) -> Option<&Result<deno_graph::EsModule, deno_graph::ModuleGraphError>> {
+  ) -> Option<&Result<deno_graph::Module, deno_graph::ModuleGraphError>> {
     self.0.maybe_module.as_ref()
   }
 
   pub fn maybe_parsed_source(
     &self,
   ) -> Option<Result<deno_ast::ParsedSource, deno_graph::ModuleGraphError>> {
-    self.maybe_module().map(|r| {
-      r.as_ref()
-        .map(|m| m.parsed_source.clone())
-        .map_err(|err| err.clone())
-    })
+    let module_result = self.maybe_module()?;
+    match module_result {
+      Ok(module) => Some(Ok(module.maybe_parsed_source.clone()?)),
+      Err(err) => Some(Err(err.clone())),
+    }
   }
 
   pub fn maybe_navigation_tree(&self) -> Option<Arc<tsc::NavigationTree>> {
@@ -576,14 +529,9 @@ impl Document {
   }
 }
 
-pub(crate) fn to_hover_text(
-  result: &Result<
-    (ModuleSpecifier, deno_graph::Range),
-    deno_graph::ResolutionError,
-  >,
-) -> String {
+pub(crate) fn to_hover_text(result: &Resolved) -> String {
   match result {
-    Ok((specifier, _)) => match specifier.scheme() {
+    Resolved::Ok { specifier, .. } => match specifier.scheme() {
       "data" => "_(a data url)_".to_string(),
       "blob" => "_(a blob url)_".to_string(),
       _ => format!(
@@ -593,7 +541,8 @@ pub(crate) fn to_hover_text(
       )
       .replace('@', "&#8203;@"),
     },
-    Err(_) => "_[errored]_".to_string(),
+    Resolved::Err(_) => "_[errored]_".to_string(),
+    Resolved::None => "_[missing]_".to_string(),
   }
 }
 
@@ -802,7 +751,7 @@ pub(crate) struct Documents {
   file_system_docs: Arc<Mutex<FileSystemDocuments>>,
   /// Any imports to the context supplied by configuration files. This is like
   /// the imports into the a module graph in CLI.
-  imports: Arc<HashMap<ModuleSpecifier, SyntheticModule>>,
+  imports: Arc<HashMap<ModuleSpecifier, Module>>,
   /// The optional import map that should be used when resolving dependencies.
   maybe_import_map: Option<ImportMapResolver>,
   /// The optional JSX resolver, which is used when JSX imports are configured.
@@ -913,7 +862,7 @@ impl Documents {
   ) -> bool {
     let maybe_resolver = self.get_maybe_resolver();
     let maybe_specifier = if let Some(resolver) = maybe_resolver {
-      resolver.resolve(specifier, referrer).ok()
+      resolver.resolve(specifier, referrer).to_result().ok()
     } else {
       deno_core::resolve_import(specifier, referrer.as_str()).ok()
     };
@@ -1043,14 +992,14 @@ impl Documents {
           results.push(None);
         }
       } else if let Some(dep) = dependencies.get(&specifier) {
-        if let Some(Ok((specifier, _))) = &dep.maybe_type {
+        if let Resolved::Ok { specifier, .. } = &dep.maybe_type {
           results.push(self.resolve_dependency(specifier));
-        } else if let Some(Ok((specifier, _))) = &dep.maybe_code {
+        } else if let Resolved::Ok { specifier, .. } = &dep.maybe_code {
           results.push(self.resolve_dependency(specifier));
         } else {
           results.push(None);
         }
-      } else if let Some(Some(Ok((specifier, _)))) =
+      } else if let Some(Resolved::Ok { specifier, .. }) =
         self.resolve_imports_dependency(&specifier)
       {
         // clone here to avoid double borrow of self
@@ -1121,9 +1070,7 @@ impl Documents {
         imports
           .into_iter()
           .map(|(referrer, dependencies)| {
-            let dependencies =
-              dependencies.into_iter().map(|s| (s, None)).collect();
-            let module = SyntheticModule::new(
+            let module = Module::new_from_type_imports(
               referrer.clone(),
               dependencies,
               self.get_maybe_resolver(),
@@ -1167,7 +1114,9 @@ impl Documents {
               .insert(specifier.clone());
           }
         }
-        if let Some((_, Some(Ok((dep, _))))) = &module.maybe_types_dependency {
+        if let Some((_, Resolved::Ok { specifier: dep, .. })) =
+          &module.maybe_types_dependency
+        {
           dependents_map
             .entry(dep.clone())
             .or_default()
@@ -1198,12 +1147,10 @@ impl Documents {
       .map(|m| {
         m.maybe_types_dependency
           .as_ref()
-          .map(|(_, o)| o.as_ref().map(|r| r.as_ref().ok()).flatten())
-          .flatten()
+          .map(|(_, resolved)| resolved.clone())
       })
-      .flatten()
-      .cloned();
-    if let Some((specifier, _)) = maybe_types_dependency {
+      .flatten();
+    if let Some(Resolved::Ok { specifier, .. }) = maybe_types_dependency {
       self.resolve_dependency(&specifier)
     } else {
       let media_type = doc.media_type();
@@ -1221,7 +1168,7 @@ impl Documents {
     for module in self.imports.values() {
       let maybe_dep = module.dependencies.get(specifier);
       if maybe_dep.is_some() {
-        return maybe_dep;
+        return maybe_dep.map(|d| &d.maybe_type);
       }
     }
     None
diff --git a/cli/lsp/language_server.rs b/cli/lsp/language_server.rs
index b21081e85..426710b83 100644
--- a/cli/lsp/language_server.rs
+++ b/cli/lsp/language_server.rs
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use deno_core::serde_json;
 use deno_core::serde_json::json;
 use deno_core::serde_json::Value;
 use deno_core::ModuleSpecifier;
+use deno_graph::Resolved;
 use import_map::ImportMap;
 use log::error;
 use log::info;
@@ -1058,34 +1059,38 @@ impl Inner {
         .get_code()
         .map(|s| self.documents.get(s))
         .flatten()
-        .map(|d| d.maybe_types_dependency())
-        .flatten();
-      let value = match (&dep.maybe_code, &dep.maybe_type, &dep_maybe_types_dependency) {
-        (Some(code_dep), Some(type_dep), None) => format!(
+        .map(|d| d.maybe_types_dependency());
+      let value = match (dep.maybe_code.is_none(), dep.maybe_type.is_none(), &dep_maybe_types_dependency) {
+        (false, false, None) => format!(
           "**Resolved Dependency**\n\n**Code**: {}\n\n**Types**: {}\n",
-          to_hover_text(code_dep),
-          to_hover_text(type_dep)
+          to_hover_text(&dep.maybe_code),
+          to_hover_text(&dep.maybe_type)
         ),
-        (Some(code_dep), Some(type_dep), Some(types_dep)) => format!(
+        (false, false, Some(types_dep)) if !types_dep.is_none() => format!(
           "**Resolved Dependency**\n\n**Code**: {}\n**Types**: {}\n**Import Types**: {}\n",
-          to_hover_text(code_dep),
-          to_hover_text(types_dep),
-          to_hover_text(type_dep)
+          to_hover_text(&dep.maybe_code),
+          to_hover_text(&dep.maybe_type),
+          to_hover_text(types_dep)
         ),
-        (Some(code_dep), None, None) => format!(
-          "**Resolved Dependency**\n\n**Code**: {}\n",
-          to_hover_text(code_dep)
+        (false, false, Some(_)) => format!(
+          "**Resolved Dependency**\n\n**Code**: {}\n\n**Types**: {}\n",
+          to_hover_text(&dep.maybe_code),
+          to_hover_text(&dep.maybe_type)
         ),
-        (Some(code_dep), None, Some(types_dep)) => format!(
+        (false, true, Some(types_dep)) if !types_dep.is_none() => format!(
           "**Resolved Dependency**\n\n**Code**: {}\n\n**Types**: {}\n",
-          to_hover_text(code_dep),
+          to_hover_text(&dep.maybe_code),
           to_hover_text(types_dep)
         ),
-        (None, Some(type_dep), _) => format!(
+        (false, true, _) => format!(
+          "**Resolved Dependency**\n\n**Code**: {}\n",
+          to_hover_text(&dep.maybe_code)
+        ),
+        (true, false, _) => format!(
           "**Resolved Dependency**\n\n**Types**: {}\n",
-          to_hover_text(type_dep)
+          to_hover_text(&dep.maybe_type)
         ),
-        (None, None, _) => unreachable!("{}", json!(params)),
+        (true, true, _) => unreachable!("{}", json!(params)),
       };
       let value =
         if let Some(docs) = self.module_registries.get_hover(&dep).await {
@@ -2677,10 +2682,15 @@ impl Inner {
       params
         .uris
         .iter()
-        .map(|t| self.url_map.normalize_url(&t.uri))
+        .map(|t| {
+          (
+            self.url_map.normalize_url(&t.uri),
+            deno_graph::ModuleKind::Esm,
+          )
+        })
         .collect()
     } else {
-      vec![referrer.clone()]
+      vec![(referrer.clone(), deno_graph::ModuleKind::Esm)]
     };
 
     if self.maybe_cache_server.is_none() {
diff --git a/cli/main.rs b/cli/main.rs
index b6bc0c7ad..0e9a57382 100644
--- a/cli/main.rs
+++ b/cli/main.rs
@@ -397,7 +397,9 @@ async fn compile_command(
     .then(|| {
       let root_module = graph.as_ref().modules()[0];
       match root_module.media_type {
-        MediaType::JavaScript => Some(Ok(root_module.source.to_string())),
+        MediaType::JavaScript if root_module.maybe_source.is_some() => {
+          Some(Ok(root_module.maybe_source.clone().unwrap().to_string()))
+        }
         _ => None,
       }
     })
@@ -467,7 +469,7 @@ async fn info_command(
         .map(|im| im.as_resolver())
     };
     let graph = deno_graph::create_graph(
-      vec![specifier],
+      vec![(specifier, deno_graph::ModuleKind::Esm)],
       false,
       None,
       &mut cache,
@@ -547,7 +549,7 @@ async fn cache_command(
   for file in cache_flags.files {
     let specifier = resolve_url_or_path(&file)?;
     ps.prepare_module_load(
-      vec![specifier],
+      vec![(specifier, deno_graph::ModuleKind::Esm)],
       false,
       lib.clone(),
       Permissions::allow_all(),
@@ -639,7 +641,7 @@ async fn create_graph_and_maybe_check(
   };
   let graph = Arc::new(
     deno_graph::create_graph(
-      vec![root],
+      vec![(root, deno_graph::ModuleKind::Esm)],
       false,
       maybe_imports,
       &mut cache,
@@ -707,7 +709,7 @@ fn bundle_module_graph(
   ps: &ProcState,
   flags: &Flags,
 ) -> Result<(String, Option<String>), AnyError> {
-  info!("{} {}", colors::green("Bundle"), graph.roots[0]);
+  info!("{} {}", colors::green("Bundle"), graph.roots[0].0);
 
   let (ts_config, maybe_ignored_options) = emit::get_ts_config(
     emit::ConfigType::Bundle,
@@ -777,7 +779,7 @@ async fn bundle_command(
         .filter_map(|(_, r)| {
           r.as_ref()
             .ok()
-            .map(|(s, _)| s.to_file_path().ok())
+            .map(|(s, _, _)| s.to_file_path().ok())
             .flatten()
         })
         .collect();
@@ -992,7 +994,7 @@ async fn run_with_watch(flags: Flags, script: String) -> Result<i32, AnyError> {
           .map(|im| im.as_resolver())
       };
       let graph = deno_graph::create_graph(
-        vec![main_module.clone()],
+        vec![(main_module.clone(), deno_graph::ModuleKind::Esm)],
         false,
         maybe_imports,
         &mut cache,
@@ -1016,7 +1018,7 @@ async fn run_with_watch(flags: Flags, script: String) -> Result<i32, AnyError> {
         .filter_map(|(_, r)| {
           r.as_ref()
             .ok()
-            .map(|(s, _)| s.to_file_path().ok())
+            .map(|(s, _, _)| s.to_file_path().ok())
             .flatten()
         })
         .collect();
diff --git a/cli/module_loader.rs b/cli/module_loader.rs
index afd47c2d4..b6eb5ca51 100644
--- a/cli/module_loader.rs
+++ b/cli/module_loader.rs
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ impl ModuleLoader for CliModuleLoader {
 
     async move {
       ps.prepare_module_load(
-        vec![specifier],
+        vec![(specifier, deno_graph::ModuleKind::Esm)],
         is_dynamic,
         lib,
         root_permissions,
diff --git a/cli/ops/runtime_compiler.rs b/cli/ops/runtime_compiler.rs
index 548b20ead..3df93862d 100644
--- a/cli/ops/runtime_compiler.rs
+++ b/cli/ops/runtime_compiler.rs
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ use deno_core::serde_json::Value;
 use deno_core::Extension;
 use deno_core::ModuleSpecifier;
 use deno_core::OpState;
+use deno_graph::ModuleKind;
 use deno_runtime::permissions::Permissions;
 use serde::Deserialize;
 use serde::Serialize;
@@ -207,9 +208,9 @@ async fn op_emit(
       .as_ref()
       .map(|imr| imr.as_resolver())
   };
-  let roots = vec![resolve_url_or_path(&root_specifier)?];
+  let roots = vec![(resolve_url_or_path(&root_specifier)?, ModuleKind::Esm)];
   let maybe_imports =
-    to_maybe_imports(&roots[0], args.compiler_options.as_ref());
+    to_maybe_imports(&roots[0].0, args.compiler_options.as_ref());
   let graph = Arc::new(
     deno_graph::create_graph(
       roots,
diff --git a/cli/proc_state.rs b/cli/proc_state.rs
index 4264e32e3..320e20ac4 100644
--- a/cli/proc_state.rs
+++ b/cli/proc_state.rs
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ use crate::resolver::JsxResolver;
 use crate::source_maps::SourceMapGetter;
 use crate::version;
 
+use deno_ast::MediaType;
 use deno_core::anyhow::anyhow;
 use deno_core::anyhow::Context;
 use deno_core::error::custom_error;
@@ -41,7 +42,8 @@ use deno_graph::create_graph;
 use deno_graph::source::CacheInfo;
 use deno_graph::source::LoadFuture;
 use deno_graph::source::Loader;
-use deno_graph::MediaType;
+use deno_graph::ModuleKind;
+use deno_graph::Resolved;
 use deno_runtime::deno_broadcast_channel::InMemoryBroadcastChannel;
 use deno_runtime::deno_tls::rustls::RootCertStore;
 use deno_runtime::deno_web::BlobStore;
@@ -252,7 +254,7 @@ impl ProcState {
   /// emits where necessary or report any module graph / type checking errors.
   pub(crate) async fn prepare_module_load(
     &self,
-    roots: Vec<ModuleSpecifier>,
+    roots: Vec<(ModuleSpecifier, ModuleKind)>,
     is_dynamic: bool,
     lib: emit::TypeLib,
     root_permissions: Permissions,
@@ -262,7 +264,7 @@ impl ProcState {
     // TODO(bartlomieju): this is very make-shift, is there an existing API
     // that we could include it like with "maybe_imports"?
     let roots = if self.flags.compat {
-      let mut r = vec![compat::GLOBAL_URL.clone()];
+      let mut r = vec![(compat::GLOBAL_URL.clone(), ModuleKind::Esm)];
       r.extend(roots);
       r
     } else {
@@ -438,21 +440,21 @@ impl ProcState {
       let graph_data = self.graph_data.read();
       let found_referrer = graph_data.follow_redirect(&referrer);
       let maybe_resolved = match graph_data.get(&found_referrer) {
-        Some(ModuleEntry::Module { dependencies, .. }) => dependencies
-          .get(specifier)
-          .and_then(|dep| dep.maybe_code.clone()),
+        Some(ModuleEntry::Module { dependencies, .. }) => {
+          dependencies.get(specifier).map(|d| &d.maybe_code)
+        }
         _ => None,
       };
 
       match maybe_resolved {
-        Some(Ok((specifier, _))) => return Ok(specifier),
-        Some(Err(err)) => {
+        Some(Resolved::Ok { specifier, .. }) => return Ok(specifier.clone()),
+        Some(Resolved::Err(err)) => {
           return Err(custom_error(
             "TypeError",
             format!("{}\n", err.to_string_with_range()),
           ))
         }
-        None => {}
+        Some(Resolved::None) | None => {}
       }
     }
 
@@ -472,7 +474,7 @@ impl ProcState {
         None
       };
     if let Some(resolver) = &maybe_resolver {
-      resolver.resolve(specifier, &referrer)
+      resolver.resolve(specifier, &referrer).to_result()
     } else {
       deno_core::resolve_import(specifier, referrer.as_str())
         .map_err(|err| err.into())
diff --git a/cli/resolver.rs b/cli/resolver.rs
index f040e1e70..fde13d727 100644
--- a/cli/resolver.rs
+++ b/cli/resolver.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 // Copyright 2018-2022 the Deno authors. All rights reserved. MIT license.
 
-use deno_core::error::AnyError;
 use deno_core::resolve_import;
 use deno_core::ModuleSpecifier;
+use deno_graph::source::ResolveResponse;
 use deno_graph::source::Resolver;
 use import_map::ImportMap;
 use std::sync::Arc;
@@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ impl Resolver for ImportMapResolver {
     &self,
     specifier: &str,
     referrer: &ModuleSpecifier,
-  ) -> Result<ModuleSpecifier, AnyError> {
-    self
-      .0
-      .resolve(specifier, referrer)
-      .map_err(|err| err.into())
+  ) -> ResolveResponse {
+    match self.0.resolve(specifier, referrer) {
+      Ok(specifier) => ResolveResponse::Specifier(specifier),
+      Err(err) => ResolveResponse::Err(err.into()),
+    }
   }
 }
 
@@ -67,9 +67,12 @@ impl Resolver for JsxResolver {
     &self,
     specifier: &str,
     referrer: &ModuleSpecifier,
-  ) -> Result<ModuleSpecifier, AnyError> {
+  ) -> ResolveResponse {
     self.maybe_import_map_resolver.as_ref().map_or_else(
-      || resolve_import(specifier, referrer.as_str()).map_err(|err| err.into()),
+      || match resolve_import(specifier, referrer.as_str()) {
+        Ok(specifier) => ResolveResponse::Specifier(specifier),
+        Err(err) => ResolveResponse::Err(err.into()),
+      },
       |r| r.resolve(specifier, referrer),
     )
   }
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/055_info_file_json.out b/cli/tests/testdata/055_info_file_json.out
index a85bc83c4..2dc10a0c2 100644
--- a/cli/tests/testdata/055_info_file_json.out
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/055_info_file_json.out
@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@
           }
         }
       ],
+      "kind": "esm",
       "local": "[WILDCARD]005_more_imports.ts",
       [WILDCARD]
       "mediaType": "TypeScript",
-      [WILDCARD]
       "specifier": "file://[WILDCARD]/005_more_imports.ts"
     },
     {
@@ -47,18 +47,17 @@
           }
         }
       ],
+      "kind": "esm",
       "local": "[WILDCARD]mod1.ts",
       [WILDCARD]
       "mediaType": "TypeScript",
-      [WILDCARD]
       "specifier": "file://[WILDCARD]/subdir/mod1.ts"
     },
     {
-      "dependencies": [],
+      "kind": "esm",
       "local": "[WILDCARD]print_hello.ts",
       [WILDCARD]
       "mediaType": "TypeScript",
-      [WILDCARD]
       "specifier": "file://[WILDCARD]/subdir/print_hello.ts"
     },
     {
@@ -80,10 +79,10 @@
           }
         }
       ],
+      "kind": "esm",
       "local": "[WILDCARD]mod2.ts",
       [WILDCARD]
       "mediaType": "TypeScript",
-      [WILDCARD]
       "specifier": "file://[WILDCARD]/subdir/subdir2/mod2.ts"
     }
   ],
diff --git a/cli/tests/testdata/076_info_json_deps_order.out b/cli/tests/testdata/076_info_json_deps_order.out
index 69727e6e8..db890ef02 100644
--- a/cli/tests/testdata/076_info_json_deps_order.out
+++ b/cli/tests/testdata/076_info_json_deps_order.out
@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@
           }
         }
       ],
+      "kind": "esm",
       "local": "[WILDCARD]076_info_json_deps_order.ts",
       [WILDCARD]
       "mediaType": "TypeScript",
-      [WILDCARD]
       "specifier": "file://[WILDCARD]/076_info_json_deps_order.ts"
     },
     {
@@ -63,10 +63,10 @@
           }
         }
       ],
+      "kind": "esm",
       "local": "[WILDCARD]A.ts",
       [WILDCARD]
       "mediaType": "TypeScript",
-      [WILDCARD]
       "specifier": "file://[WILDCARD]/recursive_imports/A.ts"
     },
     {
@@ -104,10 +104,10 @@
           }
         }
       ],
+      "kind": "esm",
       "local": "[WILDCARD]B.ts",
       [WILDCARD]
       "mediaType": "TypeScript",
-      [WILDCARD]
       "specifier": "file://[WILDCARD]/recursive_imports/B.ts"
     },
     {
@@ -145,18 +145,17 @@
           }
         }
       ],
+      "kind": "esm",
       "local": "[WILDCARD]C.ts",
       [WILDCARD]
       "mediaType": "TypeScript",
-      [WILDCARD]
       "specifier": "file://[WILDCARD]/recursive_imports/C.ts"
     },
     {
-      "dependencies": [],
+      "kind": "esm",
       "local": "[WILDCARD]common.ts",
       [WILDCARD]
       "mediaType": "TypeScript",
-      [WILDCARD]
       "specifier": "file://[WILDCARD]/recursive_imports/common.ts"
     }
   ],
diff --git a/cli/tools/doc.rs b/cli/tools/doc.rs
index e52693b16..6e17c9fca 100644
--- a/cli/tools/doc.rs
+++ b/cli/tools/doc.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@ use deno_graph::create_graph;
 use deno_graph::source::LoadFuture;
 use deno_graph::source::LoadResponse;
 use deno_graph::source::Loader;
+use deno_graph::source::ResolveResponse;
 use deno_graph::source::Resolver;
+use deno_graph::ModuleKind;
 use deno_graph::ModuleSpecifier;
 use deno_runtime::permissions::Permissions;
 use import_map::ImportMap;
@@ -47,17 +49,18 @@ impl Resolver for DocResolver {
     &self,
     specifier: &str,
     referrer: &ModuleSpecifier,
-  ) -> Result<ModuleSpecifier, AnyError> {
+  ) -> ResolveResponse {
     if let Some(import_map) = &self.import_map {
-      return import_map
-        .resolve(specifier, referrer)
-        .map_err(AnyError::from);
+      return match import_map.resolve(specifier, referrer) {
+        Ok(specifier) => ResolveResponse::Specifier(specifier),
+        Err(err) => ResolveResponse::Err(err.into()),
+      };
     }
 
-    let module_specifier =
-      deno_core::resolve_import(specifier, referrer.as_str())?;
-
-    Ok(module_specifier)
+    match deno_core::resolve_import(specifier, referrer.as_str()) {
+      Ok(specifier) => ResolveResponse::Specifier(specifier),
+      Err(err) => ResolveResponse::Err(err.into()),
+    }
   }
 }
 
@@ -104,7 +107,7 @@ pub async fn print_docs(
     let source_file_specifier =
       ModuleSpecifier::parse("deno://lib.deno.d.ts").unwrap();
     let graph = create_graph(
-      vec![source_file_specifier.clone()],
+      vec![(source_file_specifier.clone(), ModuleKind::Esm)],
       false,
       None,
       &mut loader,
@@ -144,7 +147,7 @@ pub async fn print_docs(
       import_map: ps.maybe_import_map.clone(),
     };
     let graph = create_graph(
-      vec![root_specifier.clone()],
+      vec![(root_specifier.clone(), ModuleKind::Esm)],
       false,
       None,
       &mut loader,
diff --git a/cli/tools/test.rs b/cli/tools/test.rs
index daae61d7f..2cc1ac808 100644
--- a/cli/tools/test.rs
+++ b/cli/tools/test.rs
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ use crate::flags::TestFlags;
 use crate::fs_util::collect_specifiers;
 use crate::fs_util::is_supported_test_ext;
 use crate::fs_util::is_supported_test_path;
+use crate::graph_util::contains_specifier;
 use crate::graph_util::graph_valid;
 use crate::located_script_name;
 use crate::lockfile;
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ use deno_core::futures::FutureExt;
 use deno_core::futures::StreamExt;
 use deno_core::serde_json::json;
 use deno_core::ModuleSpecifier;
-use deno_graph::Module;
+use deno_graph::ModuleKind;
 use deno_runtime::permissions::Permissions;
 use deno_runtime::tokio_util::run_basic;
 use log::Level;
@@ -724,7 +725,7 @@ async fn check_specifiers(
   if !inline_files.is_empty() {
     let specifiers = inline_files
       .iter()
-      .map(|file| file.specifier.clone())
+      .map(|file| (file.specifier.clone(), ModuleKind::Esm))
       .collect();
 
     for file in inline_files {
@@ -746,7 +747,7 @@ async fn check_specifiers(
     .iter()
     .filter_map(|(specifier, mode)| {
       if *mode != TestMode::Documentation {
-        Some(specifier.clone())
+        Some((specifier.clone(), ModuleKind::Esm))
       } else {
         None
       }
@@ -1113,7 +1114,7 @@ pub async fn run_tests_with_watch(
       } else {
         test_modules
           .iter()
-          .filter_map(|url| deno_core::resolve_url(url.as_str()).ok())
+          .map(|url| (url.clone(), ModuleKind::Esm))
           .collect()
       };
       let maybe_imports = if let Some(result) = maybe_imports {
@@ -1129,7 +1130,10 @@ pub async fn run_tests_with_watch(
           .map(|im| im.as_resolver())
       };
       let graph = deno_graph::create_graph(
-        test_modules.clone(),
+        test_modules
+          .iter()
+          .map(|s| (s.clone(), ModuleKind::Esm))
+          .collect(),
         false,
         maybe_imports,
         cache.as_mut_loader(),
@@ -1151,7 +1155,7 @@ pub async fn run_tests_with_watch(
           output: &mut HashSet<&'a ModuleSpecifier>,
           no_check: bool,
         ) {
-          if let Some(Module::Es(module)) = maybe_module {
+          if let Some(module) = maybe_module {
             for dep in module.dependencies.values() {
               if let Some(specifier) = &dep.get_code() {
                 if !output.contains(specifier) {
@@ -1197,7 +1201,7 @@ pub async fn run_tests_with_watch(
             deno_core::resolve_url_or_path(&path.to_string_lossy()).ok()
           }) {
             if modules.contains(&&path) {
-              modules_to_reload.push(specifier);
+              modules_to_reload.push((specifier, ModuleKind::Esm));
               break;
             }
           }
@@ -1228,7 +1232,7 @@ pub async fn run_tests_with_watch(
     })
   };
 
-  let operation = |modules_to_reload: Vec<ModuleSpecifier>| {
+  let operation = |modules_to_reload: Vec<(ModuleSpecifier, ModuleKind)>| {
     let filter = test_flags.filter.clone();
     let include = include.clone();
     let ignore = ignore.clone();
@@ -1245,7 +1249,9 @@ pub async fn run_tests_with_watch(
       )
       .await?
       .iter()
-      .filter(|(specifier, _)| modules_to_reload.contains(specifier))
+      .filter(|(specifier, _)| {
+        contains_specifier(&modules_to_reload, specifier)
+      })
       .cloned()
       .collect::<Vec<(ModuleSpecifier, TestMode)>>();
 
diff --git a/cli/tsc.rs b/cli/tsc.rs
index 9dc457fc0..c063925ab 100644
--- a/cli/tsc.rs
+++ b/cli/tsc.rs
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ use deno_core::ModuleSpecifier;
 use deno_core::OpFn;
 use deno_core::RuntimeOptions;
 use deno_core::Snapshot;
+use deno_graph::Resolved;
 use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
@@ -513,8 +514,12 @@ fn op_resolve(state: &mut State, args: ResolveArgs) -> Result<Value, AnyError> {
       let referrer = graph_data.follow_redirect(&referrer);
       let resolved_dep = match graph_data.get(&referrer) {
         Some(ModuleEntry::Module { dependencies, .. }) => {
-          dependencies.get(specifier).and_then(|d| {
-            d.maybe_type.as_ref().or_else(|| d.maybe_code.as_ref())
+          dependencies.get(specifier).map(|d| {
+            if matches!(d.maybe_type, Resolved::Ok { .. }) {
+              &d.maybe_type
+            } else {
+              &d.maybe_code
+            }
           })
         }
         Some(ModuleEntry::Configuration { dependencies }) => {
@@ -523,7 +528,7 @@ fn op_resolve(state: &mut State, args: ResolveArgs) -> Result<Value, AnyError> {
         _ => None,
       };
       let maybe_result = match resolved_dep {
-        Some(Ok((specifier, _))) => {
+        Some(Resolved::Ok { specifier, .. }) => {
           let specifier = graph_data.follow_redirect(specifier);
           match graph_data.get(&specifier) {
             Some(ModuleEntry::Module {
@@ -531,8 +536,8 @@ fn op_resolve(state: &mut State, args: ResolveArgs) -> Result<Value, AnyError> {
               maybe_types,
               ..
             }) => match maybe_types {
-              Some(Ok((types, _))) => {
-                let types = graph_data.follow_redirect(types);
+              Some(Resolved::Ok { specifier, .. }) => {
+                let types = graph_data.follow_redirect(specifier);
                 match graph_data.get(&types) {
                   Some(ModuleEntry::Module { media_type, .. }) => {
                     Some((types, media_type))
@@ -698,6 +703,7 @@ mod tests {
   use crate::diagnostics::DiagnosticCategory;
   use crate::emit::Stats;
   use deno_core::futures::future;
+  use deno_graph::ModuleKind;
   use std::fs;
 
   #[derive(Debug, Default)]
@@ -741,7 +747,7 @@ mod tests {
     let fixtures = test_util::testdata_path().join("tsc2");
     let mut loader = MockLoader { fixtures };
     let graph = deno_graph::create_graph(
-      vec![specifier],
+      vec![(specifier, ModuleKind::Esm)],
       false,
       None,
       &mut loader,
@@ -768,7 +774,7 @@ mod tests {
     let fixtures = test_util::testdata_path().join("tsc2");
     let mut loader = MockLoader { fixtures };
     let graph = deno_graph::create_graph(
-      vec![specifier.clone()],
+      vec![(specifier.clone(), ModuleKind::Esm)],
       false,
       None,
       &mut loader,