fix(node): require.resolve - fallback to global cache when bare specifier from paths not found (#23618)

Part of #22607 (probably closes it, but I haven't done thorough testing)

Makes it so that `require.resolve` with `paths` specified will fallback
to using the global cache when the paths can't be found when using a
global cache (not when using a node_modules folder)

6 files changed, 54 insertions, 8 deletions

diff --git a/ext/node/polyfills/01_require.js b/ext/node/polyfills/01_require.js
index 27c10bf58..efde1eb79 100644
--- a/ext/node/polyfills/01_require.js
+++ b/ext/node/polyfills/01_require.js
@@ -265,9 +265,6 @@ function setupBuiltinModules() {
 }
 setupBuiltinModules();
 
-// Map used to store CJS parsing data.
-const cjsParseCache = new SafeWeakMap();
-
 function pathDirname(filepath) {
   if (filepath == null) {
     throw new Error("Empty filepath.");
@@ -286,11 +283,10 @@ const nativeModulePolyfill = new SafeMap();
 const relativeResolveCache = ObjectCreate(null);
 let requireDepth = 0;
 let statCache = null;
-let isPreloading = false;
 let mainModule = null;
 let hasBrokenOnInspectBrk = false;
 let hasInspectBrk = false;
-// Are we running with --node-modules-dir flag?
+// Are we running with --node-modules-dir flag or byonm?
 let usesLocalNodeModulesDir = false;
 
 function stat(filename) {
@@ -766,9 +762,7 @@ Module._resolveFilename = function (
 
   if (typeof options === "object" && options !== null) {
     if (ArrayIsArray(options.paths)) {
-      const isRelative = op_require_is_request_relative(
-        request,
-      );
+      const isRelative = op_require_is_request_relative(request);
 
       if (isRelative) {
         paths = options.paths;
@@ -848,6 +842,29 @@ Module._resolveFilename = function (
   const err = new Error(message);
   err.code = "MODULE_NOT_FOUND";
   err.requireStack = requireStack;
+
+  // fallback and attempt to resolve bare specifiers using
+  // the global cache when not using --node-modules-dir
+  if (
+    !usesLocalNodeModulesDir &&
+    ArrayIsArray(options?.paths) &&
+    request[0] !== "." &&
+    request[0] !== "#" &&
+    !request.startsWith("file:///") &&
+    !op_require_is_request_relative(request) &&
+    !op_require_path_is_absolute(request)
+  ) {
+    try {
+      return Module._resolveFilename(request, parent, isMain, {
+        ...options,
+        paths: undefined,
+      });
+    } catch {
+      // ignore
+    }
+  }
+
+  // throw the original error
   throw err;
 };
 
diff --git a/tests/specs/npm/require_resolve_bad_paths_global_cache/__test__.jsonc b/tests/specs/npm/require_resolve_bad_paths_global_cache/__test__.jsonc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..70840dee2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/specs/npm/require_resolve_bad_paths_global_cache/__test__.jsonc
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{
+  "args": "run --allow-read main.ts",
+  "output": "main.out"
+}
diff --git a/tests/specs/npm/require_resolve_bad_paths_global_cache/main.out b/tests/specs/npm/require_resolve_bad_paths_global_cache/main.out
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..563d84ac4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/specs/npm/require_resolve_bad_paths_global_cache/main.out
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[UNORDERED_START]
+Download http://localhost:4545/npm/registry/@denotest/esm-basic
+Download http://localhost:4545/npm/registry/@denotest/require-resolve
+[UNORDERED_END]
+[UNORDERED_START]
+Download http://localhost:4545/npm/registry/@denotest/esm-basic/1.0.0.tgz
+Download http://localhost:4545/npm/registry/@denotest/require-resolve/1.0.0.tgz
+[UNORDERED_END]
+[WILDLINE]@denotest[WILDCHAR]esm-basic[WILDCHAR]1.0.0[WILDCHAR]main.mjs
diff --git a/tests/specs/npm/require_resolve_bad_paths_global_cache/main.ts b/tests/specs/npm/require_resolve_bad_paths_global_cache/main.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c3b236c8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/specs/npm/require_resolve_bad_paths_global_cache/main.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import "npm:@denotest/esm-basic";
+import { resolve } from "npm:@denotest/require-resolve";
+
+console.log(resolve("@denotest/esm-basic", {
+  // when using the global cache, it should fallback to resolving bare
+  // specifiers with the global cache when it can't find it via the paths
+  paths: ["/home"],
+}));
diff --git a/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/require-resolve/1.0.0/index.cjs b/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/require-resolve/1.0.0/index.cjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b76925077
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/require-resolve/1.0.0/index.cjs
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+exports.resolve = (...args) => {
+  return require.resolve(...args);
+};
diff --git a/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/require-resolve/1.0.0/package.json b/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/require-resolve/1.0.0/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..03631e993
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/testdata/npm/registry/@denotest/require-resolve/1.0.0/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+    "name": "@denotest/require-resolve",
+    "version": "1.0.0",
+    "main": "index.cjs"
+  }