docs: Add documentation to a subset of available extensions (#24138)

I was able to use my experience with some of the Deno extensions to
flesh out their documentation a bit

I've provided docs for the following:
- web
- fetch
- net
- webidl
- url
- io
- crypto
- console

---------

Signed-off-by: Richard Carson <Rscarson@rogers.com>

8 files changed, 527 insertions, 38 deletions

diff --git a/ext/console/README.md b/ext/console/README.md
index 2f8fb448a..fab5f8536 100644
--- a/ext/console/README.md
+++ b/ext/console/README.md
@@ -1,5 +1,31 @@
 # deno_console
 
-This crate implements the Console API.
+**This crate implements the Console API.**
 
 Spec: https://console.spec.whatwg.org/
+
+## Usage Example
+
+From javascript, include the extension's source, and assign a console to the
+global scope:
+
+```javascript
+import * as console from "ext:deno_console/01_console.js";
+Object.defineProperty(globalThis, "console", {
+  value: new console.Console((msg, level) =>
+    globalThis.Deno.core.print(msg, level > 1)
+  ),
+  enumerable: false,
+  configurable: true,
+  writable: true,
+});
+```
+
+Then from rust, provide `deno_console::deno_console::init_ops_and_esm()` in the
+`extensions` field of your `RuntimeOptions`
+
+## Provided ops
+
+Following ops are provided, which can be accessed through `Deno.ops`:
+
+- op_preview_entries
diff --git a/ext/crypto/README.md b/ext/crypto/README.md
index be0724458..f4f228e60 100644
--- a/ext/crypto/README.md
+++ b/ext/crypto/README.md
@@ -1,5 +1,87 @@
 # deno_crypto
 
-This crate implements the Web Cryptography API.
+**This crate implements the Web Cryptography API.**
 
 Spec: https://www.w3.org/TR/WebCryptoAPI/
+
+## Usage Example
+
+From javascript, include the extension's source, and assign `CryptoKey`,
+`crypto`, `Crypto`, and `SubtleCrypto` to the global scope:
+
+```javascript
+import * as crypto from "ext:deno_crypto/00_crypto.js";
+
+Object.defineProperty(globalThis, "CryptoKey", {
+  value: crypto.CryptoKey,
+  enumerable: false,
+  configurable: true,
+  writable: true,
+});
+
+Object.defineProperty(globalThis, "crypto", {
+  value: crypto.crypto,
+  enumerable: false,
+  configurable: true,
+  writable: false,
+});
+
+Object.defineProperty(globalThis, "Crypto", {
+  value: crypto.Crypto,
+  enumerable: false,
+  configurable: true,
+  writable: true,
+});
+
+Object.defineProperty(globalThis, "SubtleCrypto", {
+  value: crypto.SubtleCrypto,
+  enumerable: false,
+  configurable: true,
+  writable: true,
+});
+```
+
+Then from rust, provide:
+`deno_crypto::deno_crypto::init_ops_and_esm(Option<u64>)` in the `extensions`
+field of your `RuntimeOptions`
+
+Where the `Option<u64>` represents an optional seed for initialization.
+
+## Dependencies
+
+- **deno_webidl**: Provided by the `deno_webidl` crate
+- **deno_web**: Provided by the `deno_web` crate
+
+## Provided ops
+
+Following ops are provided, which can be accessed through `Deno.ops`:
+
+- op_crypto_get_random_values
+- op_crypto_generate_key
+- op_crypto_sign_key
+- op_crypto_verify_key
+- op_crypto_derive_bits
+- op_crypto_import_key
+- op_crypto_export_key
+- op_crypto_encrypt
+- op_crypto_decrypt
+- op_crypto_subtle_digest
+- op_crypto_random_uuid
+- op_crypto_wrap_key
+- op_crypto_unwrap_key
+- op_crypto_base64url_decode
+- op_crypto_base64url_encode
+- x25519::op_crypto_generate_x25519_keypair
+- x25519::op_crypto_derive_bits_x25519
+- x25519::op_crypto_import_spki_x25519
+- x25519::op_crypto_import_pkcs8_x25519
+- ed25519::op_crypto_generate_ed25519_keypair
+- ed25519::op_crypto_import_spki_ed25519
+- ed25519::op_crypto_import_pkcs8_ed25519
+- ed25519::op_crypto_sign_ed25519
+- ed25519::op_crypto_verify_ed25519
+- ed25519::op_crypto_export_spki_ed25519
+- ed25519::op_crypto_export_pkcs8_ed25519
+- ed25519::op_crypto_jwk_x_ed25519
+- x25519::op_crypto_export_spki_x25519
+- x25519::op_crypto_export_pkcs8_x25519
diff --git a/ext/fetch/README.md b/ext/fetch/README.md
index 2c946197e..d088a6147 100644
--- a/ext/fetch/README.md
+++ b/ext/fetch/README.md
@@ -1,5 +1,83 @@
 # deno_fetch
 
-This crate implements the Fetch API.
+**This crate implements the Fetch API.**
 
 Spec: https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/
+
+## Usage Example
+
+From javascript, include the extension's source, and assign the following
+properties to the global scope:
+
+```javascript
+import * as headers from "ext:deno_fetch/20_headers.js";
+import * as formData from "ext:deno_fetch/21_formdata.js";
+import * as request from "ext:deno_fetch/23_request.js";
+import * as response from "ext:deno_fetch/23_response.js";
+import * as fetch from "ext:deno_fetch/26_fetch.js";
+import * as eventSource from "ext:deno_fetch/27_eventsource.js";
+
+// Set up the callback for Wasm streaming ops
+Deno.core.setWasmStreamingCallback(fetch.handleWasmStreaming);
+
+Object.defineProperty(globalThis, "fetch", {
+  value: fetch.fetch,
+  enumerable: true,
+  configurable: true,
+  writable: true,
+});
+
+Object.defineProperty(globalThis, "Request", {
+  value: request.Request,
+  enumerable: false,
+  configurable: true,
+  writable: true,
+});
+
+Object.defineProperty(globalThis, "Response", {
+  value: response.Response,
+  enumerable: false,
+  configurable: true,
+  writable: true,
+});
+
+Object.defineProperty(globalThis, "Headers", {
+  value: headers.Headers,
+  enumerable: false,
+  configurable: true,
+  writable: true,
+});
+
+Object.defineProperty(globalThis, "FormData", {
+  value: formData.FormData,
+  enumerable: false,
+  configurable: true,
+  writable: true,
+});
+```
+
+Then from rust, provide
+`deno_fetch::deno_fetch::init_ops_and_esm<Permissions>(Default::default())` in
+the `extensions` field of your `RuntimeOptions`
+
+Where:
+
+- Permissions: a struct implementing `deno_fetch::FetchPermissions`
+- Options: `deno_fetch::Options`, which implements `Default`
+
+## Dependencies
+
+- **deno_webidl**: Provided by the `deno_webidl` crate
+- **deno_web**: Provided by the `deno_web` crate
+- **deno_url**: Provided by the `deno_url` crate
+- **deno_console**: Provided by the `deno_console` crate
+
+## Provided ops
+
+Following ops are provided, which can be accessed through `Deno.ops`:
+
+- op_fetch
+- op_fetch_send
+- op_fetch_response_upgrade
+- op_utf8_to_byte_string
+- op_fetch_custom_client
diff --git a/ext/io/README.md b/ext/io/README.md
index b66dda76e..3aef61b0b 100644
--- a/ext/io/README.md
+++ b/ext/io/README.md
@@ -1,4 +1,24 @@
 # deno_io
 
-This crate provides IO primitives for other Deno extensions, this includes stdio
-streams and abstraction over File System files.
+**This crate provides IO primitives for other Deno extensions, this includes
+stdio streams and abstraction over File System files.**
+
+## Usage Example
+
+From javascript, include the extension's source:
+
+```javascript
+import * as io from "ext:deno_io/12_io.js";
+```
+
+Then from rust, provide:
+`deno_io::deno_io::init_ops_and_esm(Option<deno_io::Stdio>)` in the `extensions`
+field of your `RuntimeOptions`
+
+Where `deno_io::Stdio` implements `Default`, and can therefore be provided as
+`Some(deno_io::Stdio::default())`
+
+## Dependencies
+
+- **deno_web**: Provided by the `deno_web` crate
+- **deno_tty**: Provided in `deno/runtime/ops/tty.rs`
diff --git a/ext/net/README.md b/ext/net/README.md
index 1f9301a2d..915dd4c05 100644
--- a/ext/net/README.md
+++ b/ext/net/README.md
@@ -1,29 +1,95 @@
 # deno_net
 
-This crate implements networking APIs.
-
-This crate depends on following extensions:
-
-- "deno_web"
-- "deno_fetch"
-
-Following ops are provided:
-
-- "op_net_accept_tcp"
-- "op_net_accept_unix"
-- "op_net_connect_tcp"
-- "op_net_connect_unix"
-- "op_net_listen_tcp"
-- "op_net_listen_udp"
-- "op_net_listen_unix"
-- "op_net_listen_unixpacket"
-- "op_net_recv_udp"
-- "op_net_recv_unixpacket"
-- "op_net_send_udp"
-- "op_net_send_unixpacket"
-- "op_dns_resolve"
-- "op_net_connect_tls"
-- "op_net_listen_tls"
-- "op_net_accept_tls"
-- "op_tls_start"
-- "op_tls_handshake"
+**This crate implements networking APIs.**
+
+## Usage Example
+
+From javascript, include the extension's source:
+
+```javascript
+import * as webidl from "ext:deno_webidl/00_webidl.js";
+import * as net from "ext:deno_net/01_net.js";
+import * as tls from "ext:deno_net/02_tls.js";
+```
+
+Then from rust, provide:
+`deno_net::deno_net::init_ops_and_esm::<Permissions>(root_cert_store_provider, unsafely_ignore_certificate_errors)`
+
+Where:
+
+- root_cert_store_provider: `Option<Arc<dyn RootCertStoreProvider>>`
+- unsafely_ignore_certificate_errors: `Option<Vec<String>>`
+- Permissions: A struct implementing `deno_net::NetPermissions`
+
+In the `extensions` field of your `RuntimeOptions`
+
+## Dependencies
+
+- **deno_web**: Provided by the `deno_web` crate
+- **deno_fetch**: Provided by the `deno_fetch` crate
+
+## Provided ops
+
+Following ops are provided, which can be accessed through `Deno.ops`:
+
+### Net
+
+- op_net_accept_tcp
+- op_net_accept_unix
+- op_net_connect_tcp
+- op_net_connect_unix
+- op_net_listen_tcp
+- op_net_listen_udp
+- op_net_listen_unix
+- op_net_listen_unixpacket
+- op_net_recv_udp
+- op_net_recv_unixpacket
+- op_net_send_udp
+- op_net_send_unixpacket
+- op_net_connect_tls
+- op_net_listen_tls
+- op_net_accept_tls
+- op_net_recv_udp
+- op_net_send_udp
+- op_net_join_multi_v4_udp
+- op_net_join_multi_v6_udp
+- op_net_leave_multi_v4_udp
+- op_net_leave_multi_v6_udp
+- op_net_set_multi_loopback_udp
+- op_net_set_multi_ttl_udp
+- op_net_accept_tcp
+- op_net_connect_tcp
+- op_net_listen_tcp
+- op_net_listen_udp
+- op_net_connect_tls
+- op_net_listen_tls
+- op_net_accept_tls
+- op_net_accept_unix
+- op_net_connect_unix
+- op_net_listen_unix
+- op_net_listen_unixpacket
+- op_net_recv_unixpacket
+- op_net_send_unixpacket
+
+### TLS
+
+- op_tls_start
+- op_tls_handshake
+- op_tls_key_null
+- op_tls_key_static
+- op_tls_key_static_from_file
+- op_tls_cert_resolver_create
+- op_tls_cert_resolver_poll
+- op_tls_cert_resolver_resolve
+- op_tls_cert_resolver_resolve_error
+- op_tls_start
+- op_tls_handshake
+
+### Other
+
+- op_node_unstable_net_listen_udp
+- op_dns_resolve
+- op_dns_resolve
+- op_set_nodelay
+- op_set_keepalive
+- op_node_unstable_net_listen_unixpacket
diff --git a/ext/url/README.md b/ext/url/README.md
index 519c2823e..ba2bbb4d3 100644
--- a/ext/url/README.md
+++ b/ext/url/README.md
@@ -1,6 +1,57 @@
 # deno_url
 
-This crate implements the URL, and URLPattern APIs for Deno.
+**This crate implements the URL, and URLPattern APIs for Deno.**
 
 URL Spec: https://url.spec.whatwg.org/ URLPattern Spec:
 https://wicg.github.io/urlpattern/
+
+## Usage Example
+
+From javascript, include the extension's source, and assign `URL`, `URLPattern`,
+and `URLSearchParams` to the global scope:
+
+```javascript
+import * as url from "ext:deno_url/00_url.js";
+import * as urlPattern from "ext:deno_url/01_urlpattern.js";
+
+Object.defineProperty(globalThis, "URL", {
+  value: url.URL,
+  enumerable: false,
+  configurable: true,
+  writable: true,
+});
+
+Object.defineProperty(globalThis, "URLPattern", {
+  value: url.URLPattern,
+  enumerable: false,
+  configurable: true,
+  writable: true,
+});
+
+Object.defineProperty(globalThis, "URLSearchParams", {
+  value: url.URLSearchParams,
+  enumerable: false,
+  configurable: true,
+  writable: true,
+});
+```
+
+Then from rust, provide `deno_url::deno_url::init_ops_and_esm()` in the
+`extensions` field of your `RuntimeOptions`
+
+## Dependencies
+
+- **deno_webidl**: Provided by the `deno_webidl` crate
+
+## Provided ops
+
+Following ops are provided, which can be accessed through `Deno.ops`:
+
+- op_url_reparse
+- op_url_parse
+- op_url_get_serialization
+- op_url_parse_with_base
+- op_url_parse_search_params
+- op_url_stringify_search_params
+- op_urlpattern_parse
+- op_urlpattern_process_match_input
diff --git a/ext/web/README.md b/ext/web/README.md
index d847ae52e..12e49416e 100644
--- a/ext/web/README.md
+++ b/ext/web/README.md
@@ -1,6 +1,154 @@
 # deno web
 
-Op crate that implements Event, TextEncoder, TextDecoder and File API
-(https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI).
+**Implements timers, as well as the following APIs:**
 
-Testing for text encoding is done via WPT in cli/.
+- Event
+- TextEncoder
+- TextDecoder
+- File (Spec: https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI)
+
+_Note: Testing for text encoding is done via WPT in cli/._
+
+## Usage Example
+
+From javascript, include the extension's source:
+
+```javascript
+import * as infra from "ext:deno_web/00_infra.js";
+import * as DOMException from "ext:deno_web/01_dom_exception.js";
+import * as mimesniff from "ext:deno_web/01_mimesniff.js";
+import * as event from "ext:deno_web/02_event.js";
+import * as structuredClone from "ext:deno_web/02_structured_clone.js";
+import * as timers from "ext:deno_web/02_timers.js";
+import * as abortSignal from "ext:deno_web/03_abort_signal.js";
+import * as globalInterfaces from "ext:deno_web/04_global_interfaces.js";
+import * as base64 from "ext:deno_web/05_base64.js";
+import * as streams from "ext:deno_web/06_streams.js";
+import * as encoding from "ext:deno_web/08_text_encoding.js";
+import * as file from "ext:deno_web/09_file.js";
+import * as fileReader from "ext:deno_web/10_filereader.js";
+import * as location from "ext:deno_web/12_location.js";
+import * as messagePort from "ext:deno_web/13_message_port.js";
+import * as compression from "ext:deno_web/14_compression.js";
+import * as performance from "ext:deno_web/15_performance.js";
+import * as imageData from "ext:deno_web/16_image_data.js";
+```
+
+Then assign the properties below to the global scope like this example:
+
+```javascript
+Object.defineProperty(globalThis, "AbortController", {
+  value: abortSignal.AbortController,
+  enumerable: false,
+  configurable: true,
+  writable: true,
+});
+```
+
+| Name                             | Value                                    | enumerable | configurable | writeable |
+| -------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ---------- | ------------ | --------- |
+| AbortController                  | abortSignal.AbortController              | false      | true         | true      |
+| AbortSignal                      | abortSignal.AbortSignal                  | false      | true         | true      |
+| Blob                             | file.Blob                                | false      | true         | true      |
+| ByteLengthQueuingStrategy        | streams.ByteLengthQueuingStrategy        |            |              |           |
+| CloseEvent                       | event.CloseEvent                         | false      | true         | true      |
+| CompressionStream                | compression.CompressionStream            | false      | true         | true      |
+| CountQueuingStrategy             | streams.CountQueuingStrategy             |            |              |           |
+| CustomEvent                      | event.CustomEvent                        | false      | true         | true      |
+| DecompressionStream              | compression.DecompressionStream          | false      | true         | true      |
+| DOMException                     | DOMException                             | false      | true         | true      |
+| ErrorEvent                       | event.ErrorEvent                         | false      | true         | true      |
+| Event                            | event.Event                              | false      | true         | true      |
+| EventTarget                      | event.EventTarget                        | false      | true         | true      |
+| File                             | file.File                                | false      | true         | true      |
+| FileReader                       | fileReader.FileReader                    | false      | true         | true      |
+| MessageEvent                     | event.MessageEvent                       | false      | true         | true      |
+| Performance                      | performance.Performance                  | false      | true         | true      |
+| PerformanceEntry                 | performance.PerformanceEntry             | false      | true         | true      |
+| PerformanceMark                  | performance.PerformanceMark              | false      | true         | true      |
+| PerformanceMeasure               | performance.PerformanceMeasure           | false      | true         | true      |
+| PromiseRejectionEvent            | event.PromiseRejectionEvent              | false      | true         | true      |
+| ProgressEvent                    | event.ProgressEvent                      | false      | true         | true      |
+| ReadableStream                   | streams.ReadableStream                   | false      | true         | true      |
+| ReadableStreamDefaultReader      | streams.ReadableStreamDefaultReader      |            |              |           |
+| TextDecoder                      | encoding.TextDecoder                     | false      | true         | true      |
+| TextEncoder                      | encoding.TextEncoder                     | false      | true         | true      |
+| TextDecoderStream                | encoding.TextDecoderStream               | false      | true         | true      |
+| TextEncoderStream                | encoding.TextEncoderStream               | false      | true         | true      |
+| TransformStream                  | streams.TransformStream                  | false      | true         | true      |
+| MessageChannel                   | messagePort.MessageChannel               | false      | true         | true      |
+| MessagePort                      | messagePort.MessagePort                  | false      | true         | true      |
+| WritableStream                   | streams.WritableStream                   | false      | true         | true      |
+| WritableStreamDefaultWriter      | streams.WritableStreamDefaultWriter      |            |              |           |
+| WritableStreamDefaultController  | streams.WritableStreamDefaultController  |            |              |           |
+| ReadableByteStreamController     | streams.ReadableByteStreamController     |            |              |           |
+| ReadableStreamBYOBReader         | streams.ReadableStreamBYOBReader         |            |              |           |
+| ReadableStreamBYOBRequest        | streams.ReadableStreamBYOBRequest        |            |              |           |
+| ReadableStreamDefaultController  | streams.ReadableStreamDefaultController  |            |              |           |
+| TransformStreamDefaultController | streams.TransformStreamDefaultController |            |              |           |
+| ImageData                        | imageData.ImageData                      | false      | true         | true      |
+| atob                             | base64.atob                              | true       | true         | true      |
+| btoa                             | base64.btoa                              | true       | true         | true      |
+| clearInterval                    | timers.clearInterval                     | true       | true         | true      |
+| clearTimeout                     | timers.clearTimeout                      | true       | true         | true      |
+| performance                      | performance.performance                  | true       | true         | true      |
+| reportError                      | event.reportError                        | true       | true         | true      |
+| setInterval                      | timers.setInterval                       | true       | true         | true      |
+| setTimeout                       | timers.setTimeout                        | true       | true         | true      |
+| structuredClone                  | messagePort.structuredClone              | true       | true         | true      |
+
+Then from rust, provide:
+`deno_web::deno_web::init_ops_and_esm::<Permissions>(Arc<BlobStore>, Option<Url>)`
+in the `extensions` field of your `RuntimeOptions`
+
+Where:
+
+- `Permissions` is a struct implementing `deno_web::TimersPermission`
+- `Arc<BlobStore>` can be provided by `Default::default()`
+- `Option<Url>` provides an optional base URL for certain ops
+
+## Dependencies
+
+- **deno_webidl**: Provided by the `deno_webidl` crate
+- **deno_console**: Provided by the `deno_console` crate
+- **deno_url**: Provided by the `deno_url` crate
+
+## Provided ops
+
+Following ops are provided, which can be accessed through `Deno.ops`:
+
+- op_base64_decode
+- op_base64_encode
+- op_base64_atob
+- op_base64_btoa
+- op_encoding_normalize_label
+- op_encoding_decode_single
+- op_encoding_decode_utf8
+- op_encoding_new_decoder
+- op_encoding_decode
+- op_encoding_encode_into
+- op_blob_create_part
+- op_blob_slice_part
+- op_blob_read_part
+- op_blob_remove_part
+- op_blob_create_object_url
+- op_blob_revoke_object_url
+- op_blob_from_object_url
+- op_message_port_create_entangled
+- op_message_port_post_message
+- op_message_port_recv_message
+- op_message_port_recv_message_sync
+- op_compression_new
+- op_compression_write
+- op_compression_finish
+- op_now
+- op_defer
+- op_transfer_arraybuffer
+- op_readable_stream_resource_allocate
+- op_readable_stream_resource_allocate_sized
+- op_readable_stream_resource_get_sink
+- op_readable_stream_resource_write_error
+- op_readable_stream_resource_write_buf
+- op_readable_stream_resource_write_sync
+- op_readable_stream_resource_close
+- op_readable_stream_resource_await_close
diff --git a/ext/webidl/README.md b/ext/webidl/README.md
index cc4ccc6e9..0b52c6fbd 100644
--- a/ext/webidl/README.md
+++ b/ext/webidl/README.md
@@ -1,6 +1,24 @@
 # deno_webidl
 
-This crate implements WebIDL for Deno. It consists of infrastructure to do ECMA
--> WebIDL conversions.
+**This crate implements WebIDL for Deno. It consists of infrastructure to do
+ECMA -> WebIDL conversions.**
 
 Spec: https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/
+
+## Usage Example
+
+From javascript, include the extension's source, and assign the following to the
+global scope:
+
+```javascript
+import * as webidl from "ext:deno_webidl/00_webidl.js";
+Object.defineProperty(globalThis, webidl.brand, {
+  value: webidl.brand,
+  enumerable: false,
+  configurable: true,
+  writable: true,
+});
+```
+
+Then from rust, provide `init_webidl::init_webidl::init_ops_and_esm()` in the
+`extensions` field of your `RuntimeOptions`